Vol 4, No 4 (2016)
- Year: 2016
- Articles: 4
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/2307-9266/issue/view/5620
Articles
BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COMPOUNDS OF ARTEMISIA ANNUA. ESSENTIAL OIL
Abstract
Artemisia annua is a herblike annual plant which has been used in Chinese folk medicine for more than 2,000 years. In 1970-s sesquiterpenic lactone of artemisinin was isolated from the above-ground part of this plant. Today it is the most efficient known natural and synthetic compound for malaria treatment. The purpose of the study was to review the data from the open sources about a component composition of Artemisia annua essential oil in the spectrum of its pharmacological activity. Methods. The study was carried out using information and searching sources (PubMed, ScholarGoogle), library data bases (eLibrary, Cyberleninca), as well as the results of our studies. Results. We have established that aboveground part of Artemisia annua have a significant amount of essential oil apart from the sesquiterpene lactones. Essential oil contains more than 120 components, which belong to different classes of natural compounds. The study for dynamics of the essential oil accumulation in the Artemisia annua herb showed that the amount of oil in the herb rises significantly during budding, reaching maximum value in blossom. Qualitative composition and quantitative content of certain components varies depending on ecological and geographical factors, plant growing phase, cultivation technology, drying methods etc. Well-known pharmacological studies of essential oil of the Artemisia annua characterize it as a prospective source for the development of new antimicrobial medicinal drugs. Besides, as the studies shown, it can be related to the 6 class according to K. Sidorov’s classification – “relatively non-hazardous substances”. Conclusion. The analysis of the open sources on the study of essential oil of Artemisia annua made by us, as well as the results of our own studies, including phytochemical studies allow characterizing the essential oil of Artemisia annua as a prospective source for the working out of new antimicrobial drugs.
Pharmacy & Pharmacology. 2016;4(4):4-33
4-33
AROMATIC PLANT OF LAMIACEAE FAMILY FOR USE IN PHYTOTHERAPY
Abstract
Introduction. Therapeutic action of terpenoids of essential oil in uncommon plants like Elsholtzia stauntonii, Agastache foenic-ulum, Monarda fistulosa, Perovskia atri-plicifolia, Majorana hortensis, therefore the study for these plants application in phyto-therapy is timely. The study for componen-tial content of essential oil of 18 uncommon species from Lamiaceae family from the collection of Nikitsky Botanical Garden to increase therapeutic possibilities and their practical use in phytotherapy was the purpose of this paper. The plant species under study were introduced to the South Coast of Crimea from different ecological and geographic zones in seeds from botanical gardens of Europe. Methods. Every species was represented by 3-20 samples, which were studied by biomorpholofical and principal economically valuable features. The article presents the generalization and analysis of long-time studies for biologically active substances from 18 species of aromatic plants from Lamiaceae family. The content of essential oil was determined in a phase of mass blossom, from freshly harvested raw materials by means of hydro distillation at Ginsberg apparatuses. Componential content of essential oil was studied by the method of gas liquid chromatography. Results. Identification of the essential oils components allowed isolation of plant chemotypes with high content of valuable substances (methyl chavicol, carvacrol, pinen, thymol, and others). Highproductive samples (forms), prospective for industrial cultivation were isolated by the features complex. Based on the classification of A.D. Turova in phytotherapeutic action of plants and results of our studies, the isolated plant forms were distributed in 10 groups of usage in phytotherapy. On the example of Agastache foeniculum we showed that one and the same plant species may have different chemotypes, which have treatment and toxic action. Conclusion. The data obtained broaden and add the information about a chemical composition of plants and allow broadening the raw material base of medicinal plant by means of introduction of uncommon species from Lamiaceae family into cultivation.
Pharmacy & Pharmacology. 2016;4(4):34-47
34-47
DEVOLOPMENT OF COMPOSITION AND TECHNOLOGY OF EYE MEDICINAL FILMS WITH ALOE EXTRACT
Abstract
Drugs which stimulate cornea regeneration are an obligatory component of the inflammatory diseases and injuries of eyes treatment. Nowadays the choice for these drugs is not diverse. A search for new prolonged medical drugs in dosage forms of eye films with Aloe extract with germicide and regenerative properties is prospective nowadays. A choice for additive substances for production of eye films with Aloe extract and working out of an optimal extraction technology was the purpose of the study. Materials and methods. The work involved: Aloe liquid extract, methylcellulose (MC), polyvin-ylpyrrolidone (PVP), carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), glycerol plasticiser, polyethylene-400. Humidity of ophthalmic drug films was determined with a gravimetric method; films dimensions: thickness, length and width in mm were measured with calipers; pH of the aqueous solution in films was determined potentiometrically. Results and discussion. A satisfactory appearance (uniformity, goodgap from the substrate, the absence of cracks and ruptures, elasticity and film thickness) was the criterion for selection of film formers at the initial stage. Based on the requirements for ocular dosage forms, the films included sodium tetraborate buffer solution, which provided stability during preparation and use. Based on the study of literature data the selected samples were administered with 10% of aloe liquid extract. Prepared homogeneous transparent polymer solutions were cast on glass petri dish, pretreated with ethyl alcohol layer with a thickness of 5 mm. Drying of the film mass was done at room temperature to a residual humidity of 5%. As the result of the studies we have chosen films with film former of methylcellulose. Plates were strong, elastic, homogeneous, without gaps transparencies odorless, 0.035 mm thick. The obtained films were carved oval shape with a scalpel 4.0 mm in width and 9 mm diameter. Conclusions. 1. We have designed an optimal structure and technology of ocular medicinal films with Aloe extract. 2. Based on the analysis of the data we have found that the worked out base fulfills all the physical, chemical, and technological parameters.
Pharmacy & Pharmacology. 2016;4(4):48-54
48-54
EXPERIENCE IN DEVELOPMENT MEDICAL KITS FOR MEDICAL SERVICES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION ARMED FORCES
Abstract
Introduction. The development of modern, complete-standard issue equipment for the Armed Forces Medical Service is an urgent organizational and management task. First aid kits, medical bags, sets of medical equipment, medical kits and packing existed until recently; no longer meet modern requirements for a number of objective reasons. The aim of the study was the formation of programs of development of modern samples of complete-standard-issue equipment. Materials and methods. The study was conducted based on the analysis of scientific literature and guidelines which regulate different aspects of the Armed Forces Medical Service complete-standard issue equipment. The study used methods like: retrospective, content analysis, comparison and description, logical, structural and functional analysis, expert assessments, decision-making, as well as the methods of the theory of constraints and other systems. Results and discussion. rmation of the range of medical property in modern conditions for inclusion into complete-standard issue equipment is connected with the need to make timely decisions on choosing the most efficient models, taking into account market conditions and economic opportunities. There are requirements established for the complete-samples standard issue equipment for their use outside a medical organization. Development program structure of complete-standard-issue equipment is shown, as well as examples of the formation of the content of medical equipment kits. On the basis of the offered program a new complete-standard issue equipment of the Armed Forces Medical Service was created. In accordance with the principles of the theory of constraints a strategy to optimize the composition of sets of medical equipment was developed. It included comprehensive solutions aimed at stabilizing the activity of the pharmaceutical industry in the interest of the Armed Forces Medical Service. Conclusions. An offered program has allowed developing new models of complete-standard issue equipment of the Armed Forces Medical Service, which provides healthcare to a necessary extent and speed of deployment and mobility of medical units formations and military units in the field.
Pharmacy & Pharmacology. 2016;4(4):55-76
55-76