Risk factors and psychoemotional features, influencing the development of cardiovascular diseases and cardiovascular risk of fatal events among workers of railway transport with arterial hypertension

Purpose - to analyze the risk factors and psychoemotional features influencing the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), to assess the cardiovascular risk of fatal events among workers of railway transport with arterial hypertension (AH). Materials and methods. The study includes the railway workers: 50 patients with AH, 45 with cardiovascular risk factors but without AH and 20 healthy volunteers. We evaluate the level of blood pressure (BP) at home and in the office, anthropometrical indicators, levels of total cholesterol and glucose in blood plasma with an empty stomach, the patient's anamnesis: family history, smoking status, were studied. Estimate of 10-year risk of death from CVD in individuals without clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis 40 years and older is carried out according to the SCORE scale. Assessment of anxiety and depressive disorders is conducted using the scale of personal and situational anxiety Spielberg-Hanina and the scale of depression of Beck. Results. The basic clinical and laboratory data from patients shows a significant (p<0.05) increase at home and in the office BP. Among traditional risk factors for CVD in the first and second groups burdened heredity, obesity and smoking occurs more often. Among railway workers with AH, it was determined that the moderate risk by the SCORE scale prevails, 10% of the examined patients of the first group have the high risk for a fatal event appearing within 10 years. In the first and second data groups the evaluation of anxiety and depressive disorders are significantly (p<0.05) higher. The higher the level of depression, the higher the level of risk on a scale SCORE is, the correlation coefficient is 0.77 at p<0.05. Relation between anxiety level and performance in office systolic BP was in the first group: the correlation coefficients between situational (r=0.71) and personal (r=0.64) anxiety (p<0.05). Conclusions. The cardiovascular risk of fatal events among workers of a railway transportation with AH is mostly temperate, there are also persons with a high level of risk. The higher the level of depression, the higher level of risk on a scale SCORE is in both groups. The level of anxiety and depressive disorders is significantly higher in comparison with the control group, the railway workers with AH the level of office systolic BP correlates with the level of situational and personal anxiety.

railway workers, risk factors, arterial hypertension