Molecular genetic characterization of hepatitis B virus in blood donors from South Vietnam

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The problem of transfusion safety preventing parenteral viral hepatitis transmission remains relevant. Viral hepatitis B (HB) is the most common viral infection transmitted through transfusion procedures. One of the natural phases of a chronic viral hepatitis B (CHB) course is occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) characterized by undetectable HBsAg level (regardless of other serological marker levels) along with detected hepatic HBV DNA as well as blood viral load ranging from extremely low to undetectable. In Vietnam, prevention of transfusion-based HBV transmission is focused on donor screening; it is still based solely on HBsAg serology. As such, OBI remains a potential threat to blood transfusion safety. Assessing hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA is a reliable preventive measure against HBV transmission from HBsAg– donors, especially in highly endemic regions. The aim of our work was HBV identification and molecular genetic characterization in blood donors from South Vietnam. The study material was presented by 500 donor serum samples. Subjects were examined for HBV markers with qualitative detection of HBsAg, HBs IgG, and HBcore IgG. Amplification and subsequent HBV sequencing were performed using nested PCR with overlapping primer pairs jointly flanking the complete HBV genome (S, P, C, X genes). Full-size HBV genome nucleotide sequences were obtained for 58 samples. Among blood donors, taking into account HBsAg+ and HBsAg– samples, HBV DNA was detected in 11.6%, including 8.6% OBI. HBV phylogenetic analysis showed genotypes B and C. Vaccine escape mutations and mutations that contribute to disease progression were identified. Current screening in Vietnam is insufficient for eliminating the risk of transfusion-transmitted HBV infection. The major risk factor is OBI. PCR testing for HBV should be considered for blood donor screening.

作者简介

Yu. Ostankova

St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: shenna1@yandex.ru

PhD (Biology), Head of the Laboratory of immunology and Virology HIV Infection, Senior Researcher of the Laboratory of Molecular Immunology

俄罗斯联邦, St. Petersburg

H.K.T. Huynh

Ho Chi Minh Pasteur Institute

Email: shenna1@yandex.ru

Researcher, Medical Analysis Laboratory Department

越南, Ho Chi Minh City

E. Serikova

St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute

Email: shenna1@yandex.ru

Researcher, Laboratory of Immunology and Virology of HIV Infection

俄罗斯联邦, St. Petersburg

A. Schemelev

St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute

Email: shenna1@yandex.ru

Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Immunology and Virology of HIV Infection

俄罗斯联邦, St. Petersburg

D. Reingardt

St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute

Email: shenna1@yandex.ru

Doctor of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostic, Department of Diagnostics of HIV Infection and AIDS-related Diseases

俄罗斯联邦, St. Petersburg

V. Davydenko

St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute

Email: shenna1@yandex.ru

Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Immunology and Virology of HIV Infection, PhD Student

俄罗斯联邦, Saint-Petersburg

A. Totolian

St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute

Email: shenna1@yandex.ru

RAS Full Member, PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Director; Head of the Department of Immunology

俄罗斯联邦, St. Petersburg

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2. Figure 1. Age group and sex sample distribution. Note. M — male; F — female.

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3. Figure 2. Distribution of HBV genotypes among HBsAg-positive and negative blood donor samples

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