IC型胆总管囊肿患儿诊断和治疗的特殊性

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胆总管囊肿或胆总管囊肿是肝外和/或肝内胆管的先天性囊性扩张。这种病症的诊断和治疗策略的选择往往会造成困难。回顾性分析了一例胆总管囊肿的临床病例,患者两岁,有复发性黄疸、胆管炎和胰腺炎症状,在准备根治术期间需要进行腹腔镜胆囊造口术和胆管造影术。患儿再次入住小儿外科,主诉体温高达39°C,周期性腹痛复发,恶心,巩膜和皮肤黄疸增加。实验室和超声波检查发现了胆道和胰腺高血压的迹象。诊断结果是:胆总管囊肿、胆汁淤积综合征、急性胆囊-胰腺炎。根据临床症状、实验室和超声波检查数据,紧急实施了腹腔镜胆囊造口术。在保守治疗的背景下,腹腔镜胆囊造口术后 2 天内,根据临床、实验室和对照超声检查的数据,胆道和胰腺高血压得到了临床、实验室控制。在没有额外麻醉的情况下,患儿通过胆囊造口术进行了胆管造影,结果显示肝总管和胆总管呈纺锤形扩张。在腹腔镜胆囊造口术的背景下,经过两周的药物治疗后,患儿接受了胆总管囊肿切除术和胆囊切除术,并在Roux环路上进行了肝肠吻合术。术后恢复顺利。在24个月的时间里,患者没有出现其他不适和并发症。根据我们的观察,复发性机械性黄疸是由胆总管囊肿引起的。 腹腔镜胆囊造口术能够快速、成功地控制胆道高压,为病人接受根治性手术治疗做好准备,并通过胆囊造口术安全地进行信息胆管造影。事实证明,肝肠吻合术已被证明是外科治疗胆总管囊肿的有效方法。

作者简介

Aleksey G. Sinitsyn

Volgograd State Medical University; Clinical Emergency Hospital No. 7

Email: all-sur04@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8308-8364
SPIN 代码: 3223-7231

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)

俄罗斯联邦, Volgograd; Volgograd

Andrei I. Perepelkin

Volgograd State Medical University; Clinical Emergency Hospital No. 7

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: similipol@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5964-3033
SPIN 代码: 5545-8353

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Volgograd; Volgograd

Gleb A. Kopan

Volgograd State Medical University; Clinical Emergency Hospital No. 7

Email: gleb.kopan@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6627-1028
SPIN 代码: 1465-6360

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)

俄罗斯联邦, Volgograd; Volgograd

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1. JATS XML
2. Fig. 1. Ultrasound at admission with signs of biliary hypertension: a — enlargement of the common bile duct up to 8–9 mm, in the terminal section up to 6 mm; b — enlargement of the right hepatic duct up to 4–5 mm; c — enlargement of the left hepatic duct up to 3 mm, segmental bile ducts up to 1.5 mm

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3. Fig. 2. Ultrasound control after relief of signs of biliary hypertension: a — common bile duct in the upper third — 7 mm (marked with an asterisk), in the middle third — 13 mm, in the lower third — 9 mm; b — cholecystostoma (indicated by arrow)

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4. Fig. 3. Cholecystocholangiography through cholecystostomy. Type IC choledochal cyst

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