Treatment of a 5-year-old child with damage to the esophagus: a case report
- Authors: Belov S.A.1, Cyleva Y.I.2, Grigoryuk A.A.3
-
Affiliations:
- Far Eastern Federal University — Medical Center
- Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital No. 1
- Pacific State Medical University
- Issue: Vol 11, No 4 (2021)
- Pages: 529-536
- Section: Case reports
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/2219-4061/article/view/123562
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/psaic1015
- ID: 123562
Cite item
Full Text
Abstract
Diagnosis and treatment of esophageal injuries remain the most difficult problems in pediatric urgent surgery with high mortality rates. Restoration of function in severe multiple-organ disorders associated with the development of mediastinitis and sepsis in children requires a multidisciplinary approach and the search for alternative treatment methods that help close the esophageal defect and prevent inflammation. These methods include a constant negative pressure system.
Severe polytrauma led to the development of local inflammation and mediastinitis. The formed esophageal fistula with clinical sepsis required multistage surgical treatment and support of several specialists. At the Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital No. 1 in Vladivostok, at the first stage of treatment, the mediastinum and soft tissues of the neck were drained, which made it possible to stop the spread of inflammation and stabilize the patient’s condition. The effectiveness of the second stage of surgical treatment using the VAC system was noted in the first 48 h, in the form of a significant reduction in local inflammation and elimination of skin maceration. The VAC system provided adequate drainage of the wound cavity and promoted wound cleansing and growth of granulation tissue. Dissociation of the fistula by applying a gastrostomy made it possible to create favorable conditions for the healing of the esophageal defect and ensure adequate enteral nutrition for the patient.
Damage to the esophagus with the development of mediastinitis and sepsis are critical conditions; therefore, treatment outcomes depend on early diagnosis and timely surgical treatment. A full-fledged surgical treatment in a specialized hospital helps eliminate complications of damage to effectively restore functions and lead to patient recovery.
Keywords
Full Text
##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
Sergei A. Belov
Far Eastern Federal University — Medical Center
Author for correspondence.
Email: sur_belove@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5325-2891
SPIN-code: 6588-1047
ResearcherId: C-7576-2019
Cand. Sci. (Med.), Thoracic Surgeon
Russian Federation, 10, village Ajax, island Russkii, Vladivostok, 690922Yuliya I. Cyleva
Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital No. 1
Email: yuliya.cyleva@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3788-3663
SPIN-code: 7915-5517
Pediatric Surgeon
Russian Federation, 10, village Ajax, island Russkii, Vladivostok, 690922Alexander A. Grigoryuk
Pacific State Medical University
Email: aa_grig@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7957-5872
SPIN-code: 4321-6702
ResearcherId: C-8982-2019
Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor
Russian Federation, 10, village Ajax, island Russkii, Vladivostok, 690922References
- Govindarajan KK. Esophageal perforation in children: etiology and management, with special reference to endoscopic esophageal perforation. Korean J Pediatr. 2018;61(6):175–179. doi: 10.3345/kjp.2018.61.6.175
- Tettey M, Edwin F, Aniteye E, et al. Pattern of esophageal injuries and surgical management: A retrospective review. Niger J Clin Pract. 2020;23(5):686–690. doi: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_326_19
- Brednev AO, Kotiv BN, Dzidzava II. Esophageal perforation: diagnosis and modern tactics of treatment. Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy. 2015;(3):255–260. (In Russ.)
- Schweigert M, Sousa HS, Solymosi N, et al. Spotlight on esophageal perforation: A multinational study using the Pittsburgh esophageal perforation severity scoring system. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2016;151(4):1002–1009. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2015.11.055
- Schmidt SC, Strauch S, Rösch T, et al. Management of esophageal perforations. Surg Endosc. 2010;24(11):2809–2813. doi: 10.1007/s00464-010-1054-6
- Mureșan M, Mureșan S, Balmoș I, et al. Sepsis in acute mediastinitis — a severe complication after oesophageal perforations. a review of the literature. J Crit Care Med (Targu Mures). 2019;5(2):49–55. doi: 10.2478/jccm-2019-0008
- Deng Y, Hou L, Qin D, et al. Current treatment and outcome of esophageal perforation: A single-center experience and a pooled analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2021;100(16):e25600. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000025600
- Abakumov MM. Diagnosis and treatment of suppurative mediastinitis — a special chapter in the history of surgery. Pirogov Journal of Surgery. 2019;(3):105–110. (In Russ.) doi: 10.17116/hirurgia2019031105
- Likhobabina IYu, Nevskaya EV. Morphology of the oesophagus in children of varied age. Nutrition. 2020;10(2):57–61. (In Russ.) doi: 10.20953/2224-5448-2020-2-57-61
- Demko AE, Sinenchenko GI, Kulagin VI, et al. Multistage treatment of a patient with spontaneous rupture of the esophagus in a multidisciplinary hospital setting. Herald of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov. 2019;11(3):93–95. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.17816/ mechnikov201911393-95
- Tabari AK, Mirshemirani A, Rouzrokh M, et al. Acute mediastinitis in children: a nine-year experience. Tanaffos. 2013;12(2):48–52.
- Aver’yanova YuV, Akin’shina AD, Aliev M, et al. Detskaya khirurgiya: natsional’noe rukovodstvo: izd. 2-e. Razumovskii AYu, Batrakov SYu, Kholostov VV, editors. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media, 2021. 1280 P. (In Russ.) doi: 10.33029/9704-5785-6-PSNR-2021-2-1-1280
- Ritz LA, Hajji MS, Schwerd T, et al. Esophageal perforation and EVAC in pediatric patients: A case series of four children. Front Pediatr. 2021;9:727472. doi: 10.3389/fped.2021.727472
- Saveliev VV, Vinokurov MM, Starovatov AV. Analysis of data of implementation of the “controlled fistula” method and VAC-therapy in a complex treatment of perforation of the middle and lower third of thorathic esophagus complicated by mediastinitis and pleural empyema. Dal’nevostochnyi meditsinskii zhurnal. 2020;(4):17–21. (In Russ.) doi: 10.35177/1994-5191-2020-4-17-21
- Peters NJ, Mahajan JK, Bawa M, et al. Esophageal perforations due to foreign body impaction in children. J Pediatr Surg. 2015;50(8):1260–1263. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2015.01.015
- Mishra B, Singhal S, Aggarwal D, et al. Non operative management of traumatic esophageal perforation leading to esophagocutaneous fistula in pediatric age group: review and case report. World J Emerg Surg. 2015;10:19. doi: 10.1186/s13017-015-0012-y
- Govindarajan KK. Esophageal perforation in children: etiology and management, with special reference to endoscopic esophageal perforation. Korean J Pediatr. 2018;61(6):175–179. doi: 10.3345/kjp.2018.61.6.175
- Fraga JC, Nunes DL, Andreolio C, et al. Endoscopic vacuum sponge therapy for an infant with an esophageal leak. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2018;156(5):e193–e195. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2018.04.061
- Manfredi MA, Clark SJ, Staffa SJ, et al. Endoscopic esophageal vacuum therapy: a novel therapy for esophageal perforations in pediatric patients. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2018;67(6):706–712. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0000000000002073
Supplementary files
