Role of adjuvant hormonal therapy in restoring reproductive function in women after endosurgical treatment of ovarian follicular cysts

In the structure of the causes of female infertility, follicular ovarian cysts make up 7–10% of cases. Despite the studies on the reproductive health of women undergoing endosurgical treatment of follicular ovarian cysts, the problem of restoring reproductive function has not yet been resolved.

Aim. To assess the effectiveness of a preparation containing 0.03 mg of ethinyl estradiol and 2 mg of chlormadinone acetate in the restoration of reproductive function in women after endosurgical treatment of follicular ovarian cysts.

Materials and methods. The study group included 100 women, of whom 70 patients (the main group) received adjuvant therapy with a drug containing 0.03 mg of ethinyl estradiol and 2 mg of chlormadinone acetate after endosurgery, and a comparison group of 30 patients who did not receive adjuvant therapy. The diagnosis of follicular ovarian cysts was established on the basis of hormonal, ultrasound, endoscopic and immunohistochemical studies. The levels of gonadotropic hormones (LH, FSH), steroid hormones estradiol and progesterone were determined twice – at the beginning of the follicular (3–5 day) and secretory phase (20–22 day) of the menstrual cycle. An ovarian ultrasound was performed at the beginning of the follicular phase and on days 20–22 of the menstrual cycle. Immunohistochemical studies of estrogen and progesterone receptors in the ovaries were carried out using a Bond-max immunostimulator from “Leica” (Germany) using monoclonal antibodies: clone 1D5 and clone 1A6 “Dako” (USA).

Results. Menstrual irregularities were detected in 36 (51.4%) patients, of which: irregular menstruation in 18.0%, algomenorrhea in 15.1%, polymenorrhea in 11.0%, and menorrhea in 7.3% of patients, infertility was observed in 34 (48.6%) patients. Endosurgical treatment of follicular ovarian cysts was performed for all examined patients. Adjuvant hormone therapy with a drug containing 0.03 mg of ethinyl estradiol and 2 mg of chlormadinone acetate was received by 70 patients. Menstrual function was restored in 70 (100%) patients. Pregnancy occurred in 60 (86.0%) of them.

Conclusion. Adjuvant hormone therapy with a drug containing 0.03 mg of ethinyl estradiol and 2 mg of chlormadinone acetate allowed to restore menstrual function (100% of cases), pregnancy at 4.3 times (86.0% of cases), which confirms its high efficiency in the restoration of reproductive function in women after endosurgical treatment of follicular ovarian cysts.