Variability of genome size in conifers under extreme environmental conditions

Abstract

Transformation of the genome size in conifers growing in an extreme environment is manifested in the variability of the number of chromosomes, content of nuclear DNA, modulation of simple repetitive DNA sequences, specificity of the localization and activity of ribosomal DNA genes, activity of retrotransposons, induction of mutation processes, and polymorphism of chromosome rearrangements.