Electrophysiological assessment of the cranial reflexes
- Authors: Seliverstov Y.A.1, Abramova A.A.1, Evdokimov K.M.1, Broutian A.G.1, Maximova M.Y.1,2, Illarioshkin S.N.1,2, Piradov M.A.1,2
-
Affiliations:
- Research Center of Neurology
- A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry
- Issue: Vol 15, No 4 (2021)
- Pages: 78-85
- Section: Technologies
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/2075-5473/article/view/124091
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.54101/ACEN.2021.4.8
- ID: 124091
Cite item
Full Text
Abstract
Electrophysiological assessment methods play a key role in the diagnosis of various neurological disorders. Electrophysiological evaluation of cranial reflexes is particularly valuable for neurologists. This article provides an overview of electrophysiological evaluation methods for cranial reflexes, which are most commonly used in clinical practice. They provide objective assessment of the functional integrity of nervous system structures that make up the cranial reflex arc, identify the level and, in some cases, the nature of disease, as well as pathophysiological mechanisms of central and peripheral nervous system disorders. We describe the instruments and main approaches to analysing the results for the standard blink reflex, blink reflex with prepulse inhibition, blink reflex with paired stimuli and recovery curve evaluation, reflex inhibition of the levator palpebrae superioris, jaw jerk reflex, and reflex inhibition (cutaneous silent period) of the masseter muscle.
Full Text
##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
Yury A. Seliverstov
Research Center of Neurology
Author for correspondence.
Email: doctor.goody@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6400-6378
Cand. Sci. (Med.), senior researcher, Scientific advisory department
Russian Federation, MoscowAnna A. Abramova
Research Center of Neurology
Email: doctor.goody@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7960-1006
neurologist, Scientific advisory department
Russian Federation, MoscowKonstantin M. Evdokimov
Research Center of Neurology
Email: doctor.goody@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6217-4151
postgraduate student
Russian Federation, MoscowAmayak G. Broutian
Research Center of Neurology
Email: doctor.goody@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6381-2925
Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head, Laboratory of clinical neurophysiology
Russian Federation, MoscowMarina Yu. Maximova
Research Center of Neurology; A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry
Email: doctor.goody@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7682-6672
D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Head, 2nd Neurology department, Professor, Department of nervous diseases, Faculty of dentistry
Russian Federation, Moscow; MoscowSergey N. Illarioshkin
Research Center of Neurology; A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry
Email: doctor.goody@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2704-6282
D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Corr. Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Deputy director, Head, Department for brain research, Professor, Department of nervous diseases, Faculty of dentistry
Russian Federation, Moscow; MoscowMikhail A. Piradov
Research Center of Neurology; A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry
Email: doctor.goody@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6338-0392
D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Director, Head, Department of nervous diseases, Faculty of dentistry
Russian Federation, Moscow; MoscowReferences
- Kugelberg E. Facial reflexes. Brain. 1952;75:385–396. doi: 10.1093/brain/75.3.385. PMID: 12978170.
- Ongerboer de Visser B.W. The recorded corneo-mandibular reflex. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1986;63(1):25–31. doi: 10.1016/0013-4694(86)90058-1. PMID: 2416532.
- Aramideh M., Ongerboer De Visser B.W. Brainstem reflexes: Electrodiagnostic techniques, physiology, normative data, and clinical applications. Muscle Nerve. 2002;26(1):14–30. doi: 10.1002/mus.10120. PMID: 12115945.
- Cruccu G., Deuschl G. The clinical use of brainstem reflexes and hand-muscle reflexes. Clin Neurophysiol. 2000;111(3):371–387. doi: 10.1016/S1388-2457(99)00291-6. PMID: 10699396.
- Jerath N., Kimura J. F wave, A wave, H reflex, and blink reflex. Handb Clin Neurol. 2019;160:225–239. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-64032-1.00015-1. PMID: 31277850.
- Aramideh M., Cruccu G., Visser B.W.O. de. Chapter 17 — Cranial nerve reflexes: anatomical pathways, recording techniques and normative data. Handb Clin Neurol. 2003:247–65. doi: 10.1016/S1567-4231(09)70165-0
- Esteban A. A neurophysiological approach to brainstem reflexes. Blink reflex. Neurophysiol Clin Neurophysiol. 1999;29(1):7–38. doi: 10.1016/S0987-7053(99)80039-2. PMID: 10093816.
- Miwa H., Nohara C., Hotta M., Shimo Y., Amemiya K. Somatosensory-evoked blink response: investigation of the physiological mechanisms. Brain. 1998;121(Pt 2):281–291. doi: 10.1093/brain/121.2.281. PMID: 9549506.
- Weiskrantz L., Warrington E.K., Sanders M.D., Marshall J. Visual capacity in the hemianopic field following a restricted occipital ablation. Brain. 1974;97(4):709–728. doi: 10.1093/brain/97.1.709. PMID: 4434190.
- Basso M.A., Powers A.S., Evinger C. An explanation for reflex blink hyperexcitability in Parkinson’s disease. I. Superior colliculus. J Neurosci. 1996;16(22):7308–7317. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.16-22-07308.1996. PMID: 8929437.