Analysis of lethal outcomes in patients with HIV/tuberculosis co-infection undergoing inpatient treatment in penitentiaries

Aim. Of the study - to study the characteristics of the clinical picture in patients with tuberculosis/HIV co-infection, among those serving a sentence. Materials and methods. The retrospective analysis included persons suffering from tuberculosis on the background of HIV infection (51 people - group 1) and persons suffering from isolated tuberculosis (45 people - group 2) with an unfavorable outcome, held in the medical and correctional institution of the Udmurt Republic. The assessment of the significance of differences was carried out using Student's test using two-sided tests. Results. Patients with HIV-associated tuberculosis are characterized by acutely progressive forms (p<0.001) and a high frequency of recurrences of tuberculosis (p=0.043). The consequence of the rapid progression of the tuberculous process is the lower incidence of destructive forms (p=0.034), bacterial excretion (p<0.001) and drug resistance (p<0.001). In clinical and laboratory indices, more pronounced anemia (p<0.001), leukopenia (p<0.001), thrombocytopenia (p=0.024) were noted. Characteristic indicators reflecting high functional load and liver damage (p<0.001), as well as splenomegaly (p<0.001) and cardiac arrhythmias (p<0.001). Conclusion. Patients with HIV-associated tuberculosis are characterized by a more malignant course of the disease, requiring new treatment approaches. At the same time, a high level of controllability of treatment provides a higher survival rate among patients in penitentiary institutions.

HIV infection, tuberculosis, penitentiary system