Endoscopic stenting for malignant respiratory-digestive fistulas

Cover Page

Cite item

Full Text

Abstract

The paper presents a review of foreign literature at the present stage on the use of endoscopic stenting of the trachea and esophagus in malignant respiratory-digestive fistulas. Based on the data of foreign literature demonstrating the effectiveness of stenting, indications and contraindications for stenting, approaches for choosing a stent are presented, as well as the advantages, disadvantages, frequency of possible complications and endoscopic methods for their elimination. In conditions of limited life expectancy, patients with malignant fistulas need timely and effective choice of palliative care, which restores the patency of the esophagus, seals the fistula and improves the quality of life. Stenting with this pathology is the optimal method of choice. Due to the limited availability of internal information, given the rarity of the occurrence of malignant esophago-respiratory fistulas, the foreign experience was generalized in this work.

About the authors

Aleksej I. Ivanov

Kazan State Medical Academy - branch Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education; Republican Саnсеr Center

канд. мед. наук, доц. каф. эндоскопии, общей и эндоскопической хирургии Kazan, Russia

Vladimir A. Popov

Kazan State Medical Academy - branch Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education; Republican Clinical Hospital

Email: lyapac@mail.ru
аспирант каф. эндоскопии, общей и эндоскопической хирургии Kazan, Russia

Mihail V. Burmistrov

Kazan State Medical Academy - branch Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education; Republican Clinical Hospital

д-р мед. наук, проф. каф. онкологии, радиологии и паллиативной медицины Kazan, Russia

References

  1. Marczynski W, Paj^k M, Komandowska T et al. Self-expandable metallic stents in oesophago-res-piratory fistulas treatment in neoplasms - case reports and literature review. Pneumonol Alergol Pol 2015; 83: 303-6. doi: 10.5603/PiAP.2015.0050
  2. Martini N, Goodner JT, D'Angio GJ, Beattie EJ. Tracheoesophageal fistula due to cancer. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1970; 59: 319-24. doi: 10.1016/S0022-5223(19)42464-1
  3. Balazs A, Galambos Z, Kupcsulik PK. Characteristics of esophagorespi ratory fistulas resulting from esophageal cancers: A single-center study on 243 cases in a 20-year period. World J Surg 2009; 33: 994-1001. doi: 10.1007/s00268-009-9988-3
  4. Angorn IB. Intubation in the treatment of carcinoma of the esophagus. World J Surg 1981; 5: 53541. doi: 10.1007/BF01655006
  5. Duranceau A, Jamieson GG. Malignant tracheoesophageal fistula. Ann Thorac Surg 1984; 37: 346-54. doi: 10.1016/s0003-4975(10)60745-x
  6. Hurtgen M, Herber SC. Treatment of malignant tracheoesophageal fistula. Thorac Surg Clin 2014; 24: 117-27. doi: 10.1016/j.thorsurg.2013.09.006
  7. Shin JH, Song HY Ko GY et al. Esophagorespiratory fistula: Long-term results of palliative treatment with covered expandable metallic stents in 61 patients. Radiology 2004; 232: 252-9. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2321030733
  8. Murthy S, Gonzalez-Stawinski GV, Rozas MS et al. Palliation of malignant aerodigestive fistulae with self-expanding metallic stents. Dis. Esophagus 2007; 20: 386-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2007.00689.x
  9. Wang H, Ke M, Li W et al. Chinese expert consensus on diagnosis and management of acquired respiratory-digestive tract fistulas. Thorac Cancer 2018; 9 (11): 1544-55. doi: 10.1111/1759-7714.12856
  10. Wtodarczyk JR, Kuzdzat J. Safety and efficacy of airway stenting in patients with malignant oesop-hago-airway fistula. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10 (5): 2731-9. doi: 10.21037/jtd.2018.05.19
  11. Bethge N, Sommer A, Gross U et al. Human tissue responses to metal stents implanted in vivo for the palliation of malignant stenoses. Gastrointest Endosc 1996; 43: 596-602. doi: 10.1016/s0016-5107 (96)70198-0
  12. Bick BL, Song LM, Buttar NS et al. Stent-associated esophagorespiratory fistulas: incidence and risk factors. Gastrointest Endosc 2013; 77: 181-9. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2012.10.004
  13. Kinsman KJ, Degregorio BT, Katon RM et al. Prior radiation and chemotherapy increase the risk of life-threatening complications after insertion of metallic stents for esophagogastric malignancy. Gastrointest Endosc 1996; 43: 196-203. doi: 10.1016/s0016-5107 (96)70315-2
  14. Herth FJ, Peter S, Baty F et al. Combined airway and oesophageal stenting in malignant airway-oesophageal fistulas: a prospective study. Eur Respir J 2010; 36: 1370-4. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00049809
  15. Nomori H, Horio H, Imazu Y et al. Double stenting for esophageal and tracheobronchial stenoses. Ann Thorac Surg 2000; 70: 1803-7. doi: 10.1016/s0003-4975 (00)02042-7
  16. Park JY Shin JH, Song HY et al. Airway complications after covered stent placement for malignant esophageal stricture: special reference to radiation therapy. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2012; 198: 4539. doi: 10.2214/AJR.10.5780
  17. Hamai Y, Hihara J, Emi M et al. Airway stenting or malignant respiratory complications in esophageal cancer. Anticancer Res 2012; 32: 1785-90.
  18. Burt M, Diehl W, Martini N et al. Malignant esophagorespiratory fistula: management options and survival. Ann Thorac Surg 1991; 52: 1222-8. doi: 10.1016/0003-4975 (91)90005-b
  19. Choi MK, Park YH, Hong JY et al. Clinical implications of esophagorespiratory fistulae in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCCA). Med Oncol 2010; 27: 1234-8. doi: 10.1007/s12032-009-9364-z
  20. Chen YH, Li SH, Chiu YC et al. Comparative study of esophageal stent and feeding gastrostomy/je-junostomy for tracheoesophageal fistula caused by esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. PLoS One 2012; 7: e42766. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042766
  21. Davydov M, Stilidi I, Bokhyan V et al. Surgical treatment of esophageal carcinoma complicated by fistulas. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2001; 20: 405-8. doi: 10.1016/s1010-7940(01)00796-5
  22. Colt HG, Meric B, Dumon JF. Double stents for carcinoma of the esophagus invading the tracheobronchial tree. Gastrointest. Endosc 1992; 38: 485-9. doi: 10.1016/s0016-5107 (92)70482-9
  23. DeMeester TR, Johansson KE, Franze I et al. Indications, surgical technique, and long-term functional results of colon interposition or bypass. Ann Surg 1988; 208: 460-74. doi: 10.1097/00000658198810000-00008
  24. Postlethwait RW, Sealy WC, Dillon ML et al. Colon interposition for esophageal substitution. Ann Thorac Surg 1971; 12: 89-109. doi: 10.1016/S0003-4975 (10)65099-0
  25. Lenz CJ, Bick BL, Katzka D et al. Esophagorespiratory Fistulas: Survival and Outcomes of Treatment. J Clin Gastroenterol 2018; 52: 131-6. doi: 10.1097/MCG.0000000000000751
  26. Hegarty MM, Angorn IB, Bryer JV et al. Pulsion intubation for palliation of carcinoma of the oesophagus. Br J Surg 1977; 64: 160-5. doi: 10.1002/bjs.1800640304
  27. Angorn IB, Hegarty MM. Palliative pulsion intubation in oesophageal carcinoma. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 1979; 61: 212-4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2492764/
  28. Hu Y Zhao YF, Chen LQ et al. Comparative study of different treatments for malignant tracheoe-sophageal/bronchoesophageal fistulae. Dis Esophagus 2009; 22: 526-31. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2009.00950.x
  29. Margolis M, Alexander P, Trachiotis GD et al. Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy before multimodality therapy in patients with esophageal cancer. Ann Thorac Surg 2003; 76: 1694-7; discussion 1697-8. doi: 10.1016/s0003-4975 (02)04890-7
  30. Spivak H, Katariya K, Lo AY et al. Malignant tracheo-esophageal fistula: use of esophageal endoprosthesis. J Surg Oncol 1996; 63: 65-70. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9098(199609)63:1
  31. Lolley DM, Ray JF, Ransdell HT et al. Management of malignant esophagorespiratory fistula. Ann Thorac Surg 1978; 25: 516-20. doi: 10.1016/S0003-4975 (10)63600-4
  32. Shin JH, Kim JH, Song HY. Interventional management of esophagorespiratory fistula. Korean J Radiol 2010; 11: 133-40. doi: 10.3348/kjr.2010.11.2.133
  33. Abadal JM, Echenagusia A, Simo G et al. Treatment of malignant esophagorespiratory fistulas with covered stents. Abdom Imaging 2001; 26: 565-9. doi: 10.1007/s002610000193
  34. Saxon RR, Barton RE, Katon RM et al. Treatment of malignant esophageal obstructions with covered metallic Z stents: Long-term results in 52 patients. J Vasc Interv Radiol 1995; 6: 747-54. doi: 10.1016/s1051-0443 (95)71180-0
  35. Kishi K, Nakao T, Goto H et al. A fast placement technique for covered tracheobronchial stents in patients with complicated esophagorespiratory fistulas. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2005; 28: 485-9. doi: 10.1007/s00270-003-0203-x
  36. Balazs A, Kupcsulik PK, Galambos Z. Esophagorespiratory fistulas of tumorous origin. Non-operative management of 264 cases in a 20-year period. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2008; 34: 1103-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ejcts.2008.06.025
  37. Schweigert M, Posada-Gonzalez M, Dubecz A et al. Recurrent oesophageal cancer complicated by tracheo-oesophageal fistula: improved palliation by means of parallel tracheal and oesophageal stenting. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2014; 18 (2): 190-6. doi: 10.1093/icvts/ivt466
  38. Raijman I, Siddique I, Ajani J et al. Palliation of malignant dysphagia and fistulae with coated expandable metal stents: experience with 101 patients. Gastrointest Endosc 1998; 48: 172-9. doi: 10.1016/s0016-5107 (98)70159-2
  39. Chaddha U, Hogarth DK, Murgu S. Perspective on airway stenting in inoperable patients with tracheoesophageal fistula after curative-intent treatment for esophageal cancer. J Thorac Dis 2019; 11 (5): 2165-74. doi: 10.21037/jtd.2018.12.128
  40. Nam DH, Shin JH, Song HY et al. Malignant esophageal-tracheobronchial strictures: Parallel placement of covered retrievable expandable nitinol stents. Acta Radiol 2006; 47: 3-9. doi: 10.1080/02841850500334989
  41. Binkert CA, Petersen BD. Two fatal complications after parallel tracheal-esophageal stenting. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2002; 25: 144-7. doi: 10.1007/s00270-001-0088-5
  42. Sharma P, Kozarek R. Practice Parameters Committee of American College of Gastroenterology. Role of esophageal stents in benign and malignant diseases. Am J Gastroenterol 2010; 105: 25873. doi: 10.1038/ajg.2009.684
  43. Mijazawa T, Yamakido M, Ikeda S et al. Implantation of ultraflex nitinol stents in malignant tracheobronchial stenoses. Chest 2000; 118: 959-65. doi: 10.1378/chest.118.4.959
  44. Wang MQ, Sze DY, Wang ZP et al. Delayed complications after esophageal stent placement for treatment of malignant esophageal obstructions and esophagorespiratory fistulas. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2001; 12: 465-74. doi: 10.1016/s1051-0443 (07)61886-7
  45. Saxon RR, Morrison KE, Lakin PC et al. Malignant esophageal obstruction and esophagorespiratory fistula: palliation with a polyethylene-covered Z-stent. Radiology 1997; 202: 349-54. doi: 10.1148/radiology.202.2.9015055
  46. Ke M, Wu X, Zeng J. The treatment strategy for tracheoesophageal fistula. J Thorac Dis 2015; 7: S389-97. doi: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2015.12.11
  47. Spaander MC, Baron TH, Siersema PD et al. Esophageal stenting for benign and malignant disease: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Clinical Guideline. Endoscopy 2016; 48: 939-48. doi: 10.1055/s-0042-114210
  48. Deviere J, Quarre JP, Love J et al. Self-expandable stent and injection of tissue adhesive for malignant bronchoesophageal fistula. Gastrointest Endosc 1994; 40: 508-10. doi: 10.1016/s0016-5107 (94)70226-8
  49. Lutz F. Treatment of airway esophageal fistulas. Principles and Practice of Interventional Pulmonology. Springer, New York: 2013; p. 421-34. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4614-4292-9_41
  50. Dumon JF. A dedicated tracheobronchial stent. Chest 1990; 97: 328-32. doi: 10.1378/chest.97.2.328
  51. Stephens KE, Wood DE. Bronchoscopic management of central airway obstruction. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2000; 119: 289-96. doi: 10.1016/S0022-5223 (00)70184-X
  52. Kujawski K, Stasiak M, Rysz J. The evaluation of esophageal stenting complications in palliative treatment of dysphagia related to esophageal cancer. Med Sci Monit 2012; 18: CR323-CR329. doi: 10.12659/MSM.882739
  53. Suzuki T, Siddiqui A, Taylor LJ et al. Clinical outcomes, efficacy, and adverse events in patients undergoing esophageal stent placement for benign indications. J Clin Gastroenterol 2016; 50: 373-8. doi: 10.1097/MCG.0000000000000500
  54. Dasari BV, Neely D, Kennedy A et al. The role of esophageal stents in the management of esophageal anastomotic leaks and benign esophageal perforations. Ann Surg 2014; 259: 852-60. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000000564
  55. Freitag L, Tekolf E, Steveling H et al. Management of malignant esophagotracheal fistulas with airway stenting and double stenting. Chest 1996; 110: 1155-60. doi: 10.1378/chest.110.5.1155
  56. Rodriguez AN, Diaz-Jimenez JP. Malignant respiratory-digestive fistulas. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2010; 16: 329-33. doi: 10.1097/MCP.0b013e3283390de8
  57. Van Heel NC, Haringsma J, Spaander MC et al. Esophageal stents for the palliation of malignant dysphagia and fistula recurrence after esophagectomy. Gastrointest Endosc 2010; 72: 249-54. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2010.01.070
  58. Bergquist H, Wenger U, Johnsson E et al. Stent insertion or endoluminal brachytherapy as palliation of patients with advanced cancer of the esophagus and gastroesophageal junction. Results of a randomized, controlled clinical trial. Dis Esophagus 2005; 18: 131-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2005.00467.x

Copyright (c) 2020 Consilium Medicum

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

This website uses cookies

You consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website.

About Cookies