Primenenie atsetilsalitsilovoy kisloty dlya profilaktiki insul'ta


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Abstract

В настоящее время инсульт – вторая после ишемической болезни сердца (ИБС) причина смертности в мире. В последние годы во всем мире отмечено увеличение заболеваемости и смертности от острого нарушения мозгового кровообращения (ОНМК), в том числе и в России. К сожалению, Россия находится на одном из первых мест по заболеваемости и смертности от инсультов. Проблема ОНМК имеет также большое социально-экономическое значение: стоимость лечения одного инсульта составляет 110 тыс. долларов США. Если учесть, что в год происходит около 500 тыс. ОНМК, то за это время общество тратит на лечение инсультов 53 млрд долларов. Инсульт является также одной из основных причин инвалидности. Анализ годичных исходов ОНМК свидетельствует о том, что 33% из них имеют летальный исход, 22% приводят к стойкой инвалидности и лишь 45% больных реабилитируются. Исходя из изложенного, становится понятной важность задачи профилактики инсультов. Различают первичную и вторичную (после уже произошедших ОНМК или транзиторной ишемической атаки – ТИА). Одним из направлений первичной и вторичной профилактики ишемического инсульта (ИИ) является применение ацетилсалициловой кислоты (АСК). АСК является одним из самых часто применяемых и хорошо изученных лекарственных средств. У пациентов с высоким риском развития осложнений назначение АСК позволяет снизить риск развития серьезных сердечно-сосудистых событий [нефатальный инфаркт миокарда (ИМ) + нефатальный инсульт + смертность от сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний] примерно на 25%. Это данные крупнейшего метаанализа рандомизированных клинических исследований Antithrombotic Trialists\' Collaboration (2002 г.), включившего результаты 287 исследований, в которых принимали участие 135 тыс. пациентов с высоким риском развития осложнений.

About the authors

O. D Ostroumova

МГМСУ

Кафедра факультетской терапии и профболезней

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