Comparison of transrectal and transperineal prostate biopsy: a prospective comparative study
- Authors: Vorobev V.A.1,2, Akperov G.R.3, Baklanova O.V.2,3, Mickevich D.S.3, Kovalev E.V.3, Popov I.P.3, Azizov Z.S.2
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Affiliations:
- Bashkir State Medical University
- Irkutsk State Medical University
- Regional Oncological Dispensary
- Issue: Vol 27, No 7 (2025): Women’s and men’s health
- Pages: 391-397
- Section: Articles
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/2075-1753/article/view/309799
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.26442/20751753.2025.7.203277
- ID: 309799
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Abstract
Background. Transrectal (TR) prostate biopsy remains the ”gold standard” but is associated with infectious risks; transperineal (TP) biopsy is considered a safer alternative with comparable diagnostic accuracy.
Objective. To compare the diagnostic performance, complication rates, pain levels, and short-term outcomes of TR- and TP-guided prostate biopsies.
Materials and methods. A prospective randomized study included 68 men aged ≥40 years with suspected prostate cancer (PSA>4 ng/mL, positive DRE, and/or PIRADS≥3). Patients were randomized into the TP group (n=53) and the TR group (n=15). A 12-core transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy was performed with targeted sampling of PIRADS 3–5 lesions. Overall and clinically significant cancer detection rates (Gleason score ≥7), complications (Clavien–Dindo classification), pain using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and events within 30 days were analyzed; p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results. Prostate cancer was detected in 72.1% of patients: 75.5% in the TP group and 60.0% in the TR group (p=0.62). Clinically significant cancer accounted for 59.2% of cases (45.3% in TP vs 33.3% in TR; p=0.59). No Clavien grade III or higher complications or cases of urosepsis were observed. Minor complications occurred in 32.1% of TP and 40.0% of TR patients (p=0.69); low-grade fever requiring oral antibiotics (Clavien grade II) was reported only in 3.8% of TP cases. The procedure duration was longer for TP (20.6±5.2 min vs 10.3±3.8 min; p<0.001) but was associated with lower pain scores (2.6±1.1 points vs 4.7±1.5 points; p<0.01); 81% of TP patients rated the pain as minimal. No delayed complications were reported at 30-day follow-up.
Conclusion. Transperineal biopsy provides comparable detection of clinically significant prostate cancer, results in less procedural pain, and demonstrates an absence of severe complications, offering a safe alternative to the TR approach, particularly for patients with a higher risk of infection or difficult-to-access magnetic resonance imaging lesions.
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##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
Vladimir A. Vorobev
Bashkir State Medical University; Irkutsk State Medical University
Author for correspondence.
Email: denecer@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3285-5559
D. Sci. (Med.)
Russian Federation, Ufa; IrkutskGadir R. Akperov
Regional Oncological Dispensary
Email: denecer@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0000-6317-3898
urologist, oncologist
Russian Federation, IrkutskOlga V. Baklanova
Irkutsk State Medical University; Regional Oncological Dispensary
Email: denecer@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2331-506X
Cand. Sci. (Med.)
Russian Federation, Irkutsk; IrkutskDmitry S. Mickevich
Regional Oncological Dispensary
Email: denecer@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5142-9200
oncologist
Russian Federation, IrkutskEgor V. Kovalev
Regional Oncological Dispensary
Email: denecer@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4789-6927
urologist
Russian Federation, IrkutskIvan P. Popov
Regional Oncological Dispensary
Email: denecer@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9919-4129
urologist
Russian Federation, IrkutskZahir S. Azizov
Irkutsk State Medical University
Email: denecer@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0002-3727-3355
Student
Russian Federation, IrkutskReferences
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