Comparative assessment of the intra- and early postoperative period in patients of elderly and old age after various methods of surgical treatment of large benign prostatic hyperplasia

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common diseases in older men. Its significance is determined not only by a decrease in the quality of life of men, but also by the development of a number of complications as a result of infravesical obstruction. About 70% of patients with symptomatic BPH require surgical treatment due to the ineffectiveness of conservative therapy. At the moment, there are many methods of surgical treatment of this pathology in the arsenal of urologists, but there is no consensus on the choice of one or another method of surgical treatment of BPH.

Aim. To study the results of modern and most common surgical methods of large BPH in patients of the older age group.

Materials and methods. The study included 243 patients who were hospitalized at Saint Petersburg City Hospital No. 15 for BPH in the period from November 2019 to November 2021. Control examination after surgery was carried out on days 5–7, 3 and 6 months after surgery.

Results. The first group of patients underwent bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate (n=67), the second group underwent bipolar plasma-kinetic enucleation of prostate adenoma (n=69), the third group of patients underwent thulium laser enucleation (n=75), and the fourth group of patients performed laparoscopic adenomectomy (n=32). An assessment of intraoperative parameters was carried out: the duration of the operation, the duration of postoperative irrigation, bladder catheterization, bed-day spent in the hospital. In the late postoperative period (after 3 and 6 months), patients were invited for a follow-up examination. In comparison with the initial values, a significant increase in indicators was determined, characterizing the improvement in the quality of life of patients.

Conclusion. In the study, thulium laser enucleation proved to be the most effective and sparing method of BPH surgery in age-related comorbid patients, demonstrating a relatively short operation time, radical method, reduced hospital stay, early rehabilitation of patients, and high efficiency in the late postoperative period.