FEATURES OF SOCIAL POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN THE SPHERE OF LABOR AND EMPLOYMENT

The relevance of the study is determined by the change in priorities of social development, the active role of the state in improving the quality and standard of living of citizens. The relevance of the study is confirmed by the formation of a number of new directions for the implementation of national projects. The purpose of the study is to analyze the features of the social policy of the Russian Federation in the sphere of labor and employment, assess its effectiveness in overcoming structural imbalances in the labor market, as well as identify key challenges and development prospects. The research methods were statistical analysis of data (unemployment rate, employment, personnel shortage), a survey of employers to detail the needs for qualifications, a comparative analysis of government regulation measures (quotas, subsidies, mobility programs), an assessment of the focus and priorities of the implementation of national projects ("Personnel", "Mobility", "Zemsky doctor / teacher"), an expert assessment of the effectiveness of social policy instruments through tables comparing results and problems.

Based on the results of the study, the authors made conclusions regarding the positive aspects of social policy, which consist of increased employment, successful employment of disabled people thanks to quotas and subsidies, legalization of self-employment and increased prestige of secondary vocational education. The persistent problems of structural shortages of personnel in the manufacturing industry, IT, science, and demographic risks were identified. The prospects for the implementation of social policy were outlined, such as digitalization of processes, integration of education and the labor market, and expansion of support measures for vulnerable groups.