Physical activity and adaptive capacity of the body in case of lipid metabolism disorders

Background: When lipid metabolism changes, the synthesis of some lipids fails and the formation of others increases with their subsequent accumulation. Insufficient physical activity in middle age often causes the development of atherosclerosis and reduces the regulation of vascular tone, which leads to impaired cerebral and cardiac circulation. Studies have shown that properly selected dosed physical activity has a positive effect on metabolism in lipid metabolism disorders and obesity.

Objective: Evaluation of the effectiveness of a rehabilitation program using physical exercise on the state of the cardiorespiratory system in women with lipid metabolism disorders.

Materials and methods: The study involved 20 women aged 45 to 60 years with dyslipidemia and metabolic disorders. Two groups were formed using random sampling: 10 women — the control group (CG) and 10 women — the main group (MG). The CG patients underwent classes according to the general physical training program, with the main emphasis on increasing physical activity taking into account their functional capabilities and weight loss. The MG women followed the developed program for 8 weeks (therapeutic exercises, aerobic exercise, dosed walking, strength training).

Results: Analysis of the obtained data proved the effectiveness of the rehabilitation program using physical exercise to improve the state of the cardiorespiratory system of the women studied. At the end of physical rehabilitation in the MG, the adaptation potential showed positive dynamics, the changes were – 2.04±0.04 points, decreased by 15.7% and passed into the criterion of satisfactory adaptation; the Harvard Step Test Index (HST) was 79 points, compared to the beginning of the classes – increased by 49.1%. According to the HST assessment system, 79 is an average indicator, but previously it was 53 points and was weak. In the CG, this indicator increased by 21.2%, but it was 63 and still below average.

Conclusion: Strength training, aerobic exercise, dosed walking, and therapeutic exercises for middle-aged women suffering from metabolic disorders can improve lipid metabolism, reduce body weight, improve the functioning of the cardiorespiratory and musculoskeletal system.