Role of Climate in the Spatial Structure of Vegetation of the Kodar-Kalar Orobiome

详细

A bioclimatic substantiation of the spatial structure of vegetation of the Kodar-Kalar orobiome has been carried out based on altitudinal zonation of the vegetation and using the global climate model (BioClim) and data obtained from weather stations. The results show that mean annual temperatures and mean annual precipitation can be used to identify altitudinal vegetation belts and subbelts of the orobiome. Based on the quantitative data, such as the heat and moisture supply indices and derived parameters (potential evapotranspiration, Mezentsev’s moisture coefficient), a climatic ordination of geographic-genetic vegetation complexes has been performed for the Northern Transbaikalia for the first time. A scheme determining the vegetation diversity in the Kodar-Kalar orobiome has been proposed with allowance for vegetation development in various geographical variants within the integral system of bioclimatic factors. According to this system, vegetation complexes are differentiated according to the heat-supply and moisture-supply gradients. A complex analysis of bioclimatic characteristics has identified specific regional features in the structure and diversity of the vegetation of the Northern Transbaikalia mountain systems that confirm the contingency of the biota and abiotic conditions within orobiomes as the ecosystem complexes established at the regional level.