Social Structure and Vocal Behavior of Shikotan Voles (Myodes sikotanensis) in Experimental Conditions

Abstract

The intraspecific relationships between individuals in experimental conditions of two populations of Shikotan vole Myodes sikotanensis from Sakhalin and Shikotan islands are described. We have studied the interactions and acoustic activity of voles in groups consisting of four males and two females. We observe aggressive and friendly behaviors in the groups of both populations. However, voles from Shikotan Island are more active and show more friendly behavior, which is characteristic for gray voles. Voles from the Sakhalin population have mainly aggressive interactions, and hierarchical relations of domination-subordination form between them, which is characteristic for bank voles. The acoustic signals are mainly squeaks emitted by the voles when protecting their shelter or during other interactions of the individual that experienced discomfort. Acoustic signals do not play an essential role in the formation of relationships in the groups of Shikotan voles.