Structural Features of Laser Welded 13Mn6 Constructional Steel

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Introduction. The technological process of manufacturing products made from structural steels is often complicated by the poor quality of welded joints during arc and gas flame welding due to high residual stresses and deformation caused by a high level of heat input into the welding zone. The example of an effective solution of this problem is development and adaptation of advanced joining techniques such as laser welding as a method of fuse welding. Due to high-power density and welding speed, as well as narrow heat-affected zone, laser welding provides lowest deformation of welded joints. Laser welding, as an advanced technology, is applied for various metals joining. Goal of research is to reveal the regularities in the formation of the crystallographic structure of welds of structural steel plates 13Mn6, formed as a result of laser welding, including the ultrasonic treatment during welding process, to conduct analysis of the defects formed and to perform the tensile tests. Results and Discussion. Optical and scanning electron microscopy results revealed gradient structure of the welds, which is characterized by the presence of a fusion zone, an overheating zone located on the boundary with a molten metal zone but not melted, and a normalization zone with a fine-grained structure. The fusion zone is formed by dendrites oriented toward the center of the weld. The internal structure of dendrites consists of packets with a rack structure, formed as a result of the γ®α transformation. The spaces between the racks are separated by interlayers, consisting, presumably, of residual austenite. The overheating zone is characterized by a coarse-grained ferritic structure with a ferrite of the Widemanstatten type, which needles come up from the boundaries into the interior of the main grain. A fine-grained ferrite-perlite structure in the normalization zone indicates the complete phase-recrystallization of the grain of the initial steel. When varying the laser power and the welding speed, it was found that the defectiveness of the welds is more affected by the welding speed. The ultrasonic treatment in the process of fusion penetration made it possible to eliminate large pores formed in the welds.

About the authors

A. V. Kolubaev

Email: kav@ispms.ru
D.Sc. (Physics and Mathematics), Professor; Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, 2/4 pr. Akademicheskii, Tomsk, 634055, Russian Federation; kav@ispms.ru

O. V. Sizova

Email: ovs@ispms.ru
D.Sc. (Engineering), Professor; Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, 2/4 pr. Akademicheskii, Tomsk, 634055, Russian Federation; ovs@ispms.ru

E. A. Kolubaev

Email: eak@ispms.ru
D.Sc. (Engineering); Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, 2/4 pr. Akademicheskii, Tomsk, 634055, Russian Federation; eak@ispms.ru

A. A. Zaikina

Email: aaz@ispms.ru
Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, 2/4 pr. Akademicheskii, Tomsk, 634055, Russian Federation, aaz@ispms.ru

A. V. Vorontsov

Email: rvy@ispms.tsc.ru
Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, 2/4 pr. Akademicheskii, Tomsk, 634055, Russian Federation, rvy@ispms.tsc.ru

Y. A. Denisova

Email: yukolubaeva@mail.ru
Ph.D. (Physics and Mathematics); 1. Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, 2/4 pr. Akademicheskii, Tomsk, 634055, Russian Federation 2. Institute of High Current Electronics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 2/3 Akademichesky Avenue, Tomsk, 634055, Russian Federation; yukolubaeva@mail.ru

V. E. Rubtsov

Email: rvy@ispms.ru
Ph.D. (Physics and Mathematics); Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, 2/4 pr. Akademicheskii, Tomsk, 634055, Russian Federation; rvy@ispms.ru

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