Vol 23, No 4 (2023)

The study of cloud cover and its characteristics (quantity and forms) is of practical interest, especially for large cities. Cloud cover, having a dual effect (albedo and greenhouse), is an important factor in the formation of the thermal regime in the conditions of global climate change. This article presents the results of the analysis of daily, annual and long-term changes in the cloud cover regime in the city of Ufa(Republic of Bashkortostan). Urgent data from long-term observations of clouds (1966–2020) were used for the analysis. The main patterns of the daily course of clouds in the months of the cold and warm period of the year are revealed. The long-term dynamics of cloud cover has shown that its number has a significant upward trend.

The article is devoted to the study of an important component of innovative infrastructure – pilot innovative territorial clusters. The main stages of their formation were considered, spatial patterns of development, structure and economic efficiency were identified and analyzed. The purpose of the study is to analyze the spatial regularities of pilot innovative territorial clusters functioning to justify the promising directions of the state cluster policy contributing to the effective use of the financial resources of the federal budget by determining priority investment directions and establishing on this basis the recipients of state support in the cluster with the greatest potential in the context of limited financial resources. This is promising primarily for justifying the stimulation of new high-tech industries and enterprises. The study was carried out on the basis of materials from official federal and regional statistics, information and analytical reports of the Association of Clusters, Technoparks and SEZs of Russia, official ratings of regions innovative development, legislative acts of the federal and regional levels. Patterns of functioning and trends in the development of innovative territorial clusters have been identified. The main purpose of the emerging innovative territorial clusters is to saturate the huge domestic market with high-tech goods, services and technologies in order to achieve the country’s technological independence. Promising directions for improving the cluster policy of Russia are formulated.

Introduction. The article characterizes the spatio-temporal structure of metageosystems of the pilgrimage-tourist cluster “Sanaksar – Temnikov”, located in the center of the Russian Plain, in the zone of interaction of forest-steppe and forest geosystems. Materials and methods. The structuring of information within the framework of the study is based on the simultaneous use of a natural sequence of involving interrelated principles: genetic, historical, systemic, territorial-structural. The object of study was investigated from the perspective of a geosystem approach, the structure and components of metageosystems were analyzed as spatial formations of different levels of organization, naturally functioning. Research results and discussion. A detailed description of the geosystem model of the tourist cluster “Sanaksar – Temnikov” is given. It has been proven that the sustainable development of metageosystems should be based on multifactor information support, in which the most important condition for the effective economic development of landscapes is realized through the formation of a regional spatial data infrastructure. Based on the analysis of the archaeological map of the Republic of Mordovia, patterns of development of cultural landscapes are identified. The characteristics of the processes and features of the economic development of geosystems and the formation of cultural heritage have been formed. Conclusion. The organization of a pilgrimage and tourism cluster places high demands on information support. Solving the problem of forecasting and monitoring the development of metageosystems for making management decisions is possible using methods and algorithms for processing and analyzing spatial data, designing and implementing project-oriented geoportal systems for distributing spatial data.

The character of kaolinite hydromicatization within the Donetsk Basin tonsteins in the course of metamorphism depends on the types of enclosing coals: either normal or salty ones. Alongside with terrigenous minerals within the coal-bearing masses and the fossil sea waters, indicator authigenous minerals from salty coals – halite and glauberite – should be specified as the sources of sodium and potassium for kaolinite hydromicatization. The conditions, most favorable for formation of the most stable phase of paragonite-type hydromica in kaolinite interlayers, arise within paralic formations over the areas of alkaline caustobioliths formation in the course of metamorphism. In the case when halite and glauberite from salty coals make the principal source of sodium, brammalite generation begins in matatonsteins during anthracite formation. The process goes on until feldspars and micas begin active supply of potassium into chloride Cl-Ca-Na brine. From this moment on, brammalite in clay interlayers is being rapidly replaced with illite. Eventually, association of paragonite and muscovite-type hydromicas arises within the clay interlayers. If the principal source of the alkaline elements responsible for kaolinite hydromicatization consists of terrigenous minerals from normal (nonsaline) coal-bearing masses (potassium feldspars, micas, plagioclases), exclusively illite develops within metatonsteins.