卷 24, 编号 3 (2024)

Studies of foreign policy orientations of Russians are extremely signifi cant for modern Russian society and require comprehensive analysis in the context of ongoing transformations of the world order. To carry out separate and independent foreign policy, it is necessary to support it from the population, to form of stable foreign policy orientations, and current ideas about the ongoing foreign policy of the Russian Federation on the part of the representatives of various social groups. The focus of research interest is the sociological analysis of foreign policy orientations of contemporary youth. Young people in the near future will come to key positions in the country’s leadership and will determine the main priorities and directions of our country’s foreign policy. The research of the dynamics of foreign policy orientations of contemporary youth can provide objective and reliable information that can serve as the basis for formation of positive image of Russia in the mass consciousness, understanding and acceptance of the country’s foreign policy course by contemporary young people. The study of attitude of various population groups to Russian foreign policy is carried out for the most part by all-Russian sociological centers, but there are practically no regional studies, including the studies among young people of diff erent Russian regions on the presented issues in modern conditions of the unstable international environment. The analysis of structure and dynamics of foreign policy orientations of Russians and youth, based on the materials from the authors' own and all-Russian sociological research is carried out; their attitude to diff erent directions of the country's foreign policy and individual international events is studied.

The formal and informal practices of social services for elderly consumers of social services in modern Russia are analyzed on the basis on the results of quantitative (questionnaire survey) and qualitative (interview) research. The article analyzes the current state of the social service system for citizens of retirement age in this country, which allowed the authors to state the impossibility of its state formalization in order to satisfy all social, living and medical needs of citizens of the third and fourth ages. The article emphasizes the need for a serious transformation of the existing system of public social services in the direction of expanding its subjects – participants in the service market. The practice of social, social, medical and psychological services for elderly citizens at home is considered. The most popular services are identifi ed for full payment or partially paid. The ranking of demand for social services has been determined: social services: cooking, grocery shopping, cleaning; services for organizing medical events: escort to the polyclinic, purchase of medications, hygiene procedures; services of a psychological nature, performed less frequently and implemented in the process of interaction with a client. The authors come to the conclusion that despite the commercialization of social services and their contractual regulation, there is no transformation of social service practices on the part of consumers of services. It is common for social workers, in addition to their professional duty, to satisfy additional requests, outside the list of services provided to the consumer, which does not become an obstacle to the formation of favorable interactions between social service employees and senior citizens.

In the context of the social transformation of Russian society, various contradictions (obvious and latent) took place in diff erent spheres of society. In particular, there are noticeable diff erences in the mental and behavioral characteristics (traits, characteristics, mentality) of Russians generations causing destructive eff ects and social confl icts, including in intergenerational relationships. The article is based on the analysis of the problem situation: which positive and negative features are most characteristic of Russians, according to the estimates of respondents of diff erent age and generational groups? The general assessment of their generation by the majority of respondents is generally quite positive. The distribution of positive and negative traits of generations, compiled on the basis of respondents' assessments, shows noticeable mental and behavioral diff erences between the younger, middle and older generations, especially the younger generation. However, the mental autonomy of the younger generation cannot be considered as a semblance of complete (especially absolute) isolation and separation of youth from other generations. At the same time, according to the sociological data, despite the critical attitude towards the state of large masses of Russians, the potential of patriotism and citizenship is very high and predominant in all age-generational groups.

Today, the Russian Federation, in the new dynamically transforming realities: the confrontation of Western ideology, the cultivated "culture of cancellation", as well as conducting of a special military operation of Russia on the territory of the Ukraine (SVO), faces many tasks protecting the population from aggressive information and the infl uence from the outside. Especially vulnerable to digital "stuffi ng" are young people – a socio-demographic group characterized by an unformed worldview and value attitudes. The article examines the activities of foreign mass media and their impact on the protest activity of young people, as well as the impact on the spread of extremist ideas and increasing criminality among the minors. An up-to-date defi nition of the media is given in accordance with the current regulatory legal acts. The main social consequences of the negative impact, based on the monitoring of the secondary analysis of sociological research (the All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion and Regional Studies), are revealed. The analysis of the main ways and methods of dissemination of information by foreign mass media is carried out. The author formulates the main social consequences of the infl uence of foreign mass media, aff ecting the escalation of protest activity of modern Russian youth.

This article is devoted to the analysis of one of the key problems of the strategy of modern Russian state youth policy. This is the problem of sustainable dominance in youth policy of the motives of state charity (systematic investments of budget funds in solving current problems of youth, in general, or of individual groups) over the motives of national-state interest (ensuring the sovereignty and security of the country, solving the problems of its economic development) throughout the post-Soviet era and up to the present day. The long and intensive search for the Russian national idea during this period did not signifi cantly aff ect the structure of motives for cooperation between the state and its young citizens in issues of upbringing, education, professional guidance and value choice. The author sees the reason that youth policy ideologically developed on its own and the search for a national idea did not fi ll it with any fundamentally new meanings in specifi c technology of such searches as political technology. The specifi city reveals itself in the fact that the search was aimed at maximizing the improvement of the theoretical doctrine, designed to become a new Russian national idea, at giving it original form and content. At the same time, issues of applying such a theoretical doctrine to solve practical problems of internal Russian social policy and, in particular, state youth policy were excluded from the discussion. Today there is a turn in Russian politics: institutions and practices common to liberal democracies are increasingly fi lled with a conservative-patriotic meaning. The resumption, in this regard, of the search for the Russian national idea may repeat the fate of previous experiments in this direction. In this case, the motives of youth policy do not form a signifi cant connection with national-state interests and the prospect of bringing it through the eff orts of its subjects to some qualitatively new level will once again be postponed indefi nitely.

. The article presents results of the study of characteristics of the attitude of generation Z to state youth policy in modern Russia. Based on the analysis of various interpretations of generation Z, presented in domestic social science, it was concluded that it is possible to talk about its uniform characteristics only with a large degree of convention, taking into account the commonality of ubiquitous Internet communications that influence formation of the worldview and lifestyle of young people. The empirical basis of the article consists of materials from focus groups and online surveys of young people (2021 n = 519; 2022 n = 2021; 2023 n = 852) conducted by the faculty of Political Science Department, Saratov State University, under the leadership of the author. Based on these materials, it was proved that there are no uniform typological characteristics of modern Russian youth, which is heterogeneous and continues to differ not only in age and gender criteria, but also in ideological and sociocultural grounds, ideological preferences, place of residence, level of education and financial situation. In general, the study showed that, despite the presence of positive trends in the perception of state youth policy in modern Russia in the last two years (as well as other areas of state policy in various spheres of public life), the most important fact is that the share of opposition-minded among young people remains at a fairly high level (about a third of respondents). The greatest political motivation for opposition is inherent in young supporters of liberalism. Socio-economic motivation is more characteristic of supporters of “left” ideologies.

The article off ers a view at modern Western comics-based movies as an element of mass political communication. Using the methodology of studying political languages and social fi elds, artistic features of the comic book fi lm are examined, allowing politically charged messages to be conveyed in this genre. The main formats within which a comic book fi lm becomes a conductor of political views of its authors and sponsors are identifi ed. The study identifi ed two main approaches to the politicization of the comic book fi lm: by including political metaphors directly into the plot and through the implementation of a “production manifesto” during the creation and promotion of the comic book fi lm as a creative product. Using the example of the highest-grossing fi lms of the genre from 2017–2022, the main themes and intentions that touch upon political issues in modern Western comics fi lms have been identifi ed. The narrative and expressive tools used to form assessments and attitudes regarding political ideas, processes and phenomena through metaphors and allegories in the repertoire of comic book fi lms are systematized.

The article reveals the policy of development of state control over pharmaceutical production in the Russian Federation at the present stage. The author reveals the concept of control and supervisory activities and defines them as identical based on the goals set for these concepts and methods for achieving them. The principles underlying control and supervisory activities are identified, which are divided into general and special based on belonging to one or more industries. Decomposition of the totality of legal acts regulating the industry of activity is carried out to a separate regulatory requirement, which is defi ned as a measured unit of compliance with legal norms. The main threats existing at this stage in the pharmaceutical industry, as well as mechanisms aimed at countering these threats, are considered. The experience and problems of introducing control and accounting labeling of medicines in Russia during the COVID-19 pandemic are considered. The author analyzes experience of the annual operation Pangea XIV, carried out jointly by health authorities and law enforcement agencies of several countries and aimed at combating the production and traffi cking of counterfeit medicines and medical devices around the world, and also reviews law enforcement under articles related to off enses in the fi eld of production and sales of pharmaceuticals. As a result, there is an increase in the number of off enses in the pharmaceutical industry, and there is an increasing role of information technology in the production and sale of counterfeit pharmaceutical products. At the end of the article, a conclusion is formulated, which lists the main directions for improving control and supervisory activities in the Russian Federation at the present stage. The main means of developing control and supervisory activities is the digitalization of the industry, the main tools of which are development of relevant registers of regulatory requirements and control and accounting labeling of medicines.