Rare histological subtypes of bladder cancer in clinical practice: a case series
- Authors: Paychadze A.A.1, Golubeva S.A.1, Kamalova M.A.1
-
Affiliations:
- Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre
- Issue: Vol 25, No 2 (2023)
- Pages: 229-235
- Section: CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/1815-1434/article/view/132822
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2023.2.202185
- ID: 132822
Cite item
Full Text
Abstract
Non-urothelial tumors account for less than 5% of all bladder malignant neoplasms. The most common non-urothelial tumor is squamous cell carcinoma, often found in the Middle East (about 30% of all cases of bladder cancer – BC) due to the spread of schistosomiasis. The glandular type is the second most common non-urothelial morphological variant; it includes 5 tumor subtypes (intestinal, mucinous, signet ring cell, mixed, and adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified). The neuroendocrine variant is divided into 4 subgroups (small cell, large cell, highly differentiated, and paragangliomas), of which small cell is the most common, though still rare, and accounts for only about 1% of all BCs. The article presents the clinical cases of three rare BC subtypes: squamous cell, glandular, and neuroendocrine. In the first clinical case, a radical cure of a patient with signet ring cell BC was described: at the first stage, the bladder, prostate, and vesicles were removed with a cystoplasty using a small intestine segment according to the Bricker technique with an extended pelvic lymph node dissection; the second stage included 8 courses of adjuvant drug treatment according to the XELOX regimen. In the second clinical case, the treatment of the metastatic neuroendocrine BC was described using the following regimens: EP (etoposide + cisplatin), carboplatin + irinotecan, GemOx (gemcitabine + oxaliplatin). The third clinical case described a patient with bladder squamous cell carcinoma. The stage I treatment was based on the GC regimen; at stage II, the bladder, prostate, and vesicles were removed with intestinal orthotopic cystoplasty and extended lymph node dissection; due to progression revealed during the follow-up examination, the patient received another GC course. Although non-urothelial BCs are very rare, studies are currently being conducted on the effectiveness of immunotherapy and targeted therapy in treating this cohort of patients.
Full Text
##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
Anna A. Paychadze
Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre
Email: paiann@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7912-8055
Cand. Sci. (Med.)
Russian Federation, MoscowSofia A. Golubeva
Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre
Email: Golu-sofya@ya.ru
врач-онколог отделения комбинированных методов лечения №1
Russian Federation, MoscowMilyausha A. Kamalova
Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre
Author for correspondence.
Email: milyausha.kamalova.97@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0495-8585
Resident Physician
Russian Federation, MoscowReferences
- Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, et al. Global cancer statics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA: A Cancer J Clin. 2020;68(6):209-9. doi: 10.3322/caac.21660
- Quek ML, Nichols PW, Yamzon J, et al. Radical cystectomy for primary neuroendocrine tumors of the bladder: the University of Southern California experience. J Urol. 2005;174(1):93-6. doi: 10.1097/01.ju.0000162085.20043.1f
- Состояние онкологической помощи населению России в 2021 году. Под ред. А.Д. Каприна, В.В. Старинского, А.О. Шахзадовой. М.: МНИОИ имени П.А Герцена – филиал ФГБУ «НМИЦ радиологии» Минздрава России, 2022 [Sostoianiie onkologicheskoi pomoshchi naseleniiu Rossii v 2021 godu. Pod red. AD Kaprina, VV Starinskogo, AO Shakhzadovoi. Moscow: MNIOI im. P.A.Gertsena – filial FGBU “NMITS radiologii” Minzdrava Rossii, 2022 (in Russian)].
- Рева И.А., Нюшко К.М., Плеханова Е.Н., и др. Лейомиосаркома мочевого пузыря, исходящая из мышечных элементов слизистой оболочки мочевого пузыря (клинический случай). Онкоурология. 2022;18(1):106-11 [Reva IA, Nyushko KM, Plekhanova EN, et al. Bladder leiomyosarcoma originating from the muscular elements of the bladder mucosa (clinical case). Cancer Urology. 2022;18(1):106-11 (in Russian)]. doi: 10.17650/1726-9776-2022-18-1-106-111
- Manunta A, Vincendeau S, Kiriakou G, et al. Non-transitional cell bladder carcinomas. BJU Int. 2005;95(4):497-502. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2005. 05327.x
- Abol-Enein H, Kava BR, Carmack AJK. Nonurothelial cancer of the bladder. Urology. 2007;69(1):93-104. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2006.08.1107
- Moschini M, D’Andrea D, Korn S, et al. Characteristics and clinical significance of histological variants of bladder cancer. Nat Rev Urol. 2017;14(11):651-68. doi: 10.1038/nrurol.2017.125
- Baumeister P, Zamboni S, Mattei A, et al. Histological variants in nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer. Transl Androl Urol. 2019;8(1):34-8. doi: 10.21037/tau.2019.01.09
- Grignon DJ, Ro JY, Ayala AG, et al. Primary adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder. A clinicopathologic analysis of 72 cases. Cancer. 1991;67(8):2165-72. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19910415)67:82165::aid-cncr2820670827>3.0.co;2-m
- Sved P, Gomez P, Manoharan M, et al. Small cell carcinoma of the bladder. BJU Int. 2004;94(1):12-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2003.04893.x
- Гладков О.А., Зуков Р.А., Матвеев В.Б., и др. Практические рекомендации по лекарственному лечению рака мочевого пузыря. Злокачес- твенные опухоли: Практические рекомендации RUSSCO #3s2. 2021;11:32 [Gladkov OA, Zukov RA, Matveiev VB, et al. Prakticheskiie rekomendatsii po lekarstvennomu lecheniiu raka mochevogo puzyria. Zlokachestvennyie opukholi: Prakticheskiie rekomendatsii RUSSCO #3s2. 2021;11:32 (in Russian)]. doi: 10.18027/2224-5057-2021-11-3s2–32
- Rosenberg JE, Carroll PR, Small EJ. Update on chemotherapy foradvanced bladder cancer. J Urol. 2005;174(1):14-20. doi: 10.1097/01.ju.0000162039.38023.5f
- El Ammari JE, Ahsaini M, Riyach O, et al. Primary signet-ring cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder successfully managed with cisplatin and gemcitabine: A case report. J Med Case Rep. 2013;7:37.
- Аббасова Д.В., Поликарпова С.Б., Козлов Н.А., и др. Нейроэндокринные опухоли мочевыделительной системы: обзор литературы. Онкоурология. 2019;15(2):126-33 [Abbasova DV, Polikarpova SB, Kozlov NA, et al. Neuroendocrine tumors of the urinary system: literature review. Cancer Urology. 2019;15(2):126-33 (in Russian)]. doi: 10.17650/1726-9776-2019-15-2-126-133
- Cheng L, Pan CX, Yang XJ, et al. Small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder: a clinicopathologic analysis of 64 patients. Cancer. 2004;101(5):957-62. doi: 10.1002/cncr.20456
- Lohrisch C, Murray N, Pickles T, Sullivan L. Small cell carcinoma of the bladder: long term outcome with integrated chemoradiation. Cancer. 1999;86(11):2346-52.
- Choong NW, Quevedo JF, Kaur JS. Small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. The Mayo Clinic experience. Cancer. 2005;103(6):1172-8. doi: 10.1002/cncr.20903
- Shapur NK, Katz R, Pode D, et al. Is radical cystectomy mandatory in every patient with variant histology of bladder cancer. Rare Tumors. 2011;3(2):e22. doi: 10.4081/rt.2011.e22
- Galsky MD, Iasonos A, Mironov S, et al. Prospective trial of ifosfamide, paclitaxel, and cisplatin in patients with advanced non-transitional cell carcinoma of the urothelial tract. Urology. 2007;69(2):255-9. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2006.10.029
- Hussain M, Vaishampayan U, Du W, et al. Combination paclitaxel, carboplatin, and gemcitabine is an active treatment for advanced urothelial cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2001;19(9):2527-33. doi: 10.1200/jco.2001.19.9.2527
- Apolo AB, Nadal R, Tomita Y, et al. Cabozantinib in patients with platinumrefractory metastatic urothelial carcinoma: an open-label, single-centre, phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2020;21(8):1099-109. doi: 10.1016/s1470-2045(20)30202-3.