Preclinical studies of cytotoxicity and cytostatic activity of five new imidazotriazine derivatives in MDA-MB231, BT474, and MCF-7 breast cancer cell cultures
- Authors: Al-Humairi A.H.1,2,3, Buldakov M.A.2, Novochadov V.V.4, Cherdyntseva N.V.2, Udut V.V.2
-
Affiliations:
- Volgograd State Medical University
- Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- Al-Mustaqbal University
- Volgograd State University
- Issue: Vol 27, No 2 (2025)
- Pages: 110-116
- Section: Articles
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/1815-1434/article/view/313828
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2025.2.203209
- ID: 313828
Cite item
Full Text
Abstract
Background. The results of the study of new imidazotriazine derivatives are presented to support their use as antitumor agents, including for breast cancer (BC) chemotherapy. The study is relevant due to the high prevalence and mortality of BC and other socially significant cancers. Antitumor drugs have limitations in their efficacy due to the primary or acquired drug resistance. As a result, 30% to 50% of patients do not receive adequate treatment, determining the need to develop new antitumor drugs.
Aim. To evaluate the antitumor potential of 5 new imidazotriazine derivatives by testing their cytotoxic (CTA) and cytostatic (CSA) activity on BC cell cultures.
Materials and methods. Culture of MCF-7, MDA-MB231, BT474, and MCF-10a cells and determination of CTA and CSA of imidazotriazine derivatives at concentrations ranging from 0.25 to 10.0 mmol/L.
Results. For the MCF-7 culture, the maximum cell survival inhibition by the comparator (temozolomide) was 2.44, and the concentration causing 50% cell death (IC50) was 6.81 mmol/L; for other cell cultures, CTAs were slightly lower. Imidazotriazine 2 and imidazotriazine 3 showed values below or close to temozolomide; IC50 was not achieved in most cases. These two derivatives were considered to have low CTA and moderate CSA. Imidazotriazine 4 and imidazotriazine 5 showed higher activity than the comparator and were considered compounds with moderate CTA and CSA. Finally, imidazotriazine 1 showed the highest CTA and CSA values with a maximum cell survival inhibition of 4.35 and an IC50 of 1.94 mmol/L.
Conclusion. Based on the results of the in vitro study, five new imidazotriazine derivatives have CTA and CSA in the following ascending order: imidazotriazine 2, imidazotriazine 3 < temozolomide < imidazotriazine 4 < imidazotriazine 5 < imidazotriazine 1. Therefore, 4-aminoimidazo[5,1-c][1,2,4]triazine-3,8-dicarboxylic acid diethyl ether (imidazotriazine 1) is the most promising new imidazotriazine derivative and is recommended for further preclinical studies.
Full Text
##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
Ahmed H. Al-Humairi
Volgograd State Medical University; Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Al-Mustaqbal University
Author for correspondence.
Email: ahmed.h.mneahil@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7545-8567
PhD in Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology, Oncology and Radiation Therapy; Res.; Head of Department
Russian Federation, Volgograd; Tomsk; Hillah, IraqMikhail A. Buldakov
Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Email: ahmed.h.mneahil@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8276-110X
Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Sen. Res.
Russian Federation, TomskValery V. Novochadov
Volgograd State University
Email: ahmed.h.mneahil@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6317-7418
D. Sci. (Med.), Prof.
Russian Federation, VolgogradNadezhda V. Cherdyntseva
Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Email: ahmed.h.mneahil@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1526-9013
D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Corr. Memb. of the RAS
Russian Federation, TomskVladimir V. Udut
Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Email: ahmed.h.mneahil@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3829-7132
D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Corr. Memb. of the RAS
Russian Federation, TomskReferences
- Wilkinson L, Gathani T. Understanding breast cancer as a global health concern. Br J Radiol. 2022;95(1130):20211033. doi: 10.1259/bjr.20211033
- Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, et al. Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021;71(3):209-49. doi: 10.3322/caac.21660
- Akram M, Iqbal M, Daniyal M, Khan AU. Awareness and current knowledge of breast cancer. Biol Res. 2017;50(1):33. doi: 10.1186/s40659-017-0140-9
- Feiten S, Dünnebacke J, Friesenhahn V, et al. Follow-up reality for breast cancer patients – standardised survey of patients and physicians and analysis of treatment data. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd. 2016;76(5):557-63. doi: 10.1055/s-0042-106210
- Asif HM, Sultana S, Ahmed S, et al. HER-2 Positive breast cancer – A mini-review. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2016;17(4):1609-15. doi: 10.7314/apjcp.2016.17.4.1609
- Azamjah N, Soltan-Zadeh Y, Zayeri F. Global trend of breast cancer mortality rate: A 25-year study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2019;20(7):2015-20. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.7.2015
- Rositch AF, Unger-Saldaña K, DeBoer RJ, et al. The role of dissemination and implementation science in global breast cancer control programs: Frameworks, methods, and examples. Cancer. 2020;126(Suppl. 10):2394-404. doi: 10.1002/cncr.32877
- Cao J, Zhang M, Wang B, et al. Chemoresistance and metastasis in breast cancer molecular mechanisms and novel clinical strategies. Front Oncol. 2021;11:658552. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.658552
- Хумаири А.Х., Сперанский Д.Л., Садчикова Е.В. Синтез и цитотоксическая активность новых производных азолотриазина при изучении на клеточных культурах. Химико-фармацевтический журнал. 2022;56(6):17-22 [Al-Humairi AH, Speransky DL, Sadchikova EV. Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of new azolotriazines studied on cell cultures. Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal. 2022;56(6):17-22 (in Russian)]. doi: 10.30906/0023-1134-2022-56-6-17-22
- Хумаири А.Х., Сперанский Д.Л., Новочадов В.В., и др. Противоопухолевая активность трех новых производных азолоазинов на модели ортотопической трансплантации клеток рака молочной железы человека мышам. Фармация и фармакология. 2023;11(4):291-300 [Al-Humairi AH, Speransky DL, Novochadov VV, et al. Antitumor activity of three new azoloazine derivatives in orthotopic transplantation model of human breast cancer cells into mice. Pharmacy & Pharmacology. 2023;11(4):291-300 (in Russian)]. doi: 10.19163/2307-9266-2023-11-4-291-300
- Newlands ES, Stevens MF, Wedge SR, et al. Temozolomide: a review of its discovery, chemical properties, pre-clinical development and clinical trials. Cancer Treat Rev. 1997;23(1):35-61. PMID: 9189180
- Stevens MFG. Temozolomide – birth of a blockbuster. Drug Discovery. 2009;(7):48-51.
- Moody C, Wheelhouse R. The medicinal chemistry of imidazotetrazine prodrugs. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2014;7(7):797-838. doi: 10.3390/ph7070797
- Dai X, Cheng H, Bai Z, Li J. Breast cancer cell line classification and its relevance with breast tumor subtyping. J Cancer. 2017;8(16):3131-41. doi: 10.7150/jca.18457
- Гильдеева ГН. Актуальные проблемы доклинических исследований: переход к альтернативной in vitro-токсикологии. Вестник Росздравнадзора. 2015;(5):59-62 [Gildeeva GN. Topical issues of pre-clinical studies: transition to alternative in vitro toxicology. Vestnik Roszdravnadzora. 2015;(5):59-62 (in Russian)].
- Sadchikova EV, Mokrushin VS. Interaction of 3,8-disubstituted imidazo[5,1-c][1,2,4]triazines with nucleophiles. Chem Heterocyclic Comp. 2014;50(7):1014-20. doi: 10.1007/s10593-014-1557-5
- Alexeeva DL, Sadchikova EV, Volkova NN, et al. Reactivity of 3-substituted pyrazole-5-diazonium salts towards 3-azolyl enamines. Synthesis of novel 3-azolylpyrazolo[5,1-c][1,2,4]triazines. ARKIVOC. 2016;IV:114-29. doi: 10.3998/ark.5550190.p009.571
- Alexandrova R, Dinev D, Gavrilova-Valchеva I, Gavrilov I. Cell cultures as model systems in breast cancer research. Merit Res J Med Med Sci. 2019;7(2):73-9.
- Stockert JC, Horobin RW, Colombo LL, Blázquez-Castro A. Tetrazolium salts and formazan products in cell biology: Viability assessment, fluorescence imaging, and labeling perspectives. Acta Histochem. 2018;120(3):159-67. doi: 10.1016/j.acthis.2018.02.005
- Garza-Morales R, Gonzalez-Ramos R, Chiba A, et al. Temozolomide enhances triple-negative breast cancer virotherapy in vitro. Cancers (Basel). 2018;10(5):144. doi: 10.3390/cancers10050144
- Zhu W, Zhang F, Wang M, et al. Temozolomide alleviates breast carcinoma via the inhibition of EGFR/ERK/ MMP-1 pathway with induction of apoptotic events. Acta Cir Bras. 2024;39:e391624. doi: 10.1590/acb391624
- Arnedos M, Vicier C, Loi S, et al. Precision medicine for metastatic breast cancer – limitations and solutions. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2015;12(12):693-704. doi: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2015.123
- Жукова Л.Г., Андреева Ю.Ю., Завалишина Л.Э., и др. Рак молочной железы. Клинические рекомендации. Современная Онкология. 2021;23(1):5-40 [Zhukova LG, Andreeva IuIu, Zavalishina LE, et al. Breast cancer. Clinical recommendations. Journal of Modern Oncology. 2021;23:5-40 (in Russian)]. doi: 10.26442/18151434.2021.1.200823
- Коломейцева А.А., Бокова С.Е. Качество и продолжительность жизни как основные приоритеты пациентов с распространенным раком молочной железы, получающих лекарственную терапию. Результаты социологического исследования. Современная Онкология. 2022;24(1):115-8 [Kolomeytseva AA, Bokova SE. Quality of life and overall survival are primary priorities of patients with advanced breast cancer: results of sociological research. Journal of Modern Oncology. 2022;24(1):115-8 (in Russian)]. doi: 10.26442/18151434.2022.1.201440
- Delahousse J, Molina L, Paci A. Cyclophosphamide and analogues; a matter of dose and schedule for dual anticancer activities. Cancer Lett. 2024;598:217119. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217119
- Saito Y, Takekuma Y, Takahashi M, et al. Association of oral mucositis induced by anthracycline-cyclophosphamide and subsequent docetaxel treatment for perioperative breast cancer. Support Care Cancer. 2024;32(8):513. doi: 10.1007/s00520-024-08733-7
Supplementary files
