Current technologies of response assessment in rectal cancer after neoadjuvant treatment: A review

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Abstract

Improvement of the multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of rectal cancer over recent years has led to the fact that in specialized high-volume oncology clinics it is possible to achieve a complete pathomorphological response to neoadjuvant therapy in a third of patients. The emergence of new knowledge about the development of tumor complete response and the accumulation of clinical experience opens up possibility for the wider use of an organ-sparing approach. Undoubtedly, making such a critical strategic decision requires reliable and effective tools for complete response predicting. This review is devoted to methods for assessing tumor response in patients diagnosed with rectal cancer. A look at the problem is presented from the perspective of modern methods of medical imaging, molecular and genetic studies, the study of the characteristics of the immune response, and a new look at clinical data. New data can form the basis for new patient selection algorithms for personalized treatment protocols for rectal cancer, thereby improving long-term results and quality of life for patients.

About the authors

Andrey E. Orlov

Samara Regional Clinical Oncologic Dispensary; Samara State Medical University

Email: OrlovAE@samaraonko.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4816-5333
SPIN-code: 8902-5712
Scopus Author ID: 57200567222

D. Sci. (Med.), Samara Regional Clinical Oncologic Dispensary, Samara State Medical University

Russian Federation, Samara; Samara

Oleg I. Kaganov

Samara Regional Clinical Oncologic Dispensary; Samara State Medical University

Email: okaganov@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1765-6965
SPIN-code: 2705-4187

D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Samara Regional Clinical Oncologic Dispensary, Samara State Medical University

Russian Federation, Samara; Samara

Sergey A. Frolov

Samara Regional Clinical Oncologic Dispensary; Samara State Medical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: frol_ser@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0004-1194-3220
SPIN-code: 6341-0137

Cand. Sci. (Med.), Samara Regional Clinical Oncologic Dispensary, Samara State Medical University

Russian Federation, Samara; Samara

Nikita V. Blinov

Samara Regional Clinical Oncologic Dispensary

Email: blinovnv@samaraonko.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0018-4634
SPIN-code: 7464-0877

oncologist

Russian Federation, Samara

Nikita B. Okulevich

Samara Regional Clinical Oncologic Dispensary

Email: OkulevichNB@samaraonko.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0007-3516-1284

oncologist

Russian Federation, Samara

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