Triple-negative breast cancer: new options for systemic targeted therapy. A review

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Abstract

Background. In 15-20% of patients, breast cancer is characterized by the absence or negligible expression in malignant cells of molecular therapeutic receptor targets of three key types: estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (triple negative breast cancer – TNBC). At the 2021 conferences of the American and European Societies of Clinical Oncology (ASCO and ESMO) and the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium (SABCS), held from December 7 to 10, important advances in new approaches to the treatment of heterogeneous TNBC cohort were announced.

Aim. To find and summarize the most striking results of clinical studies on new treatment options for TNBC patients based on the SABCS 2021.

Materials and methods. We searched the databases of the digital medical education platform MEDtalks (Hilversum, The Netherlands) and the PubMed/Medline database and analyzed the results published in 2021-2022.

Results. We systematized some results of clinical studies on drug therapy in patients with TNBC, discussed at SABCS 2021 (December 7-10, San Antonio, USA). There are now promising results from innovative clinical studies worldwide to identify the optimal approach to the selection of differentiated targeted and immunotherapies for the treatment of TNBC patients: OlympiA, KEYNOTE-522, cTRAK TN Phase II, KEYNOTE-355, NIMBUS, TROPION Phase I study.

Conclusion. Considering the molecular and histological heterogeneity of TNBC, it is reasonable to identify subgroups of patients with some quantitative and qualitative clinical characteristics for further identification of effective personalized treatment regimens. Additional clinical studies and multivariate analysis of data in the subgroups of patients with TNBC, as well as individualized treatment cases, using current methodological tools will contribute to solving the issues in the management of this category of patients.

About the authors

Dmitry A. Andreev

Research Institute for Healthcare Organization and Medical Management of Moscow Healthcare Department

Author for correspondence.
Email: AndreevDA@zdrav.mos.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0745-9474

MD, PhD

Russian Federation, Moscow

Aleksander A. Zavyalov

Research Institute for Healthcare Organization and Medical Management of Moscow Healthcare Department; Russian State Research Center − Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center

Email: ZavyalovAA3@zdrav.mos.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1825-1871

D. Sci. (Med.), Prof.

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

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