Clinical and laboratory substantiation of the effectiveness of professional oral hygiene in preparation for orthopedic treatment with the use of fixed structures of dentures

ВACKGROUND: To extend the service life of fixed orthopedic structures of dentures, professional oral hygiene (POG) should be conducted before orthopedic treatment based on changes in the cytokine profile in the gingival fluid.

АIM: To assess the nature of changes in the cytokine profile in the gingival fluid during orthopedic treatment with the use of fixed denture structures before and after the POG.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The patients (n=30) were divided into three groups of 10 people each: group 1, patients with intact periodontitis; group 2, patients with mild periodontitis; and group 3, patients with moderate periodontitis. The examination was conducted before the installation of fixed orthopedic structures and before and a week after POG. Six mediators of immunoregulatory processes — interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin 1-beta (IL-1ß), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), chemokines (IL-8, MCP1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) — were quantified in J samples by solid-phase enzyme immunoassay.

RESULTS: In patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases, a high IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-8, MCP1, and VEGF content was found in gingival fluid compared with the group of examined individuals without inflammatory periodontal diseases. After POG, a decrease was found in the content of the main proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines in the blood and the level of VEGF in patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases.

CONCLUSION: A decrease in proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and VEGF in gingival fluid after the POG procedure leads to the blockade of inflammatory and destructive processes in periodontal tissues and allows the introduction of personalized practice of preparing supporting teeth in the oral cavity for permanent prosthetics.