Dynamics of hygienic and periodontal indices at the stages of implantological treatment

The level of oral hygiene among many patients with implants is insufficient. In the absence of clinical examination and occupational hygiene, there is an averagely frequent development of inflammation in peri-implant tissues—peri-implantitis, which can cause implant disintegration. It is necessary to control hygiene indicators at the different stages of implantation.

Objective: to analyze changes in hygiene and periodontal parameters during implant treatment.

Materials and methods: At the stages before implantation, during osseointegration and the year after prosthetics on implants, the hygiene indicators and periodontal and microbiota status of 60 patients with dental implants were analyzed. Control methods used include Oral Hygiene Index Green J.C., Vermillion J.R. (OHI-S); gingivitis index Loe H., Silness J. (GI); Muhllemann index modified by Cowell; and PMA index modified by Parma. The level of halitosis was determined using the organoleptic index and the Halimeter instrument. Molecular genetic diagnosis of periodontopathogenic bacteria in the periodontal and peri-implant space was carried out.

Results: Hygiene and periodontics after preimplantation tooth restoration, and periodontal deterioration by the time the implants open, then before replacing the temporary prostheses with permanent ones and after three months of functioning of the prostheses on the implants, which necessitates professional oral hygiene before these stages.

Conclusion. Occupational hygiene every three months provides a stable adequate level of hygienic and periodontal indicators for users of prostheses on implants, and also reduces the detection of peri-implantitis.