Incidence of chronic periodontitis and gingival recession in patients in Ufa: a retrospective analysis

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory periodontal diseases are a pressing problem in modern dentistry and rank second in frequency and prevalence among all dental diseases.

This study aimed to determine the outcomes of chronic periodontitis treatment and percentage of relapses and complications based on a comparative retrospective analysis of chronic periodontitis incidence in 2017–2022.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 1500 medical records of patients diagnosed with periodontitis who received treatment at the State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Dental Clinic No. 4, Ufa, for the period 2017–2022 was conducted.

RESULTS: As a result of a retrospective analysis of the medical records of 1 500 patients with periodontal diseases in the dental clinic No. 4 in Ufa during the specified period, it was revealed that patients with chronic gingivitis prevailed in the age group of 20-29 years — 90 people (6.01%). Chronic generalized mild paradontitis was detected mainly in the group of 30-39 years — 267 people (17.8%), chronic generalized moderate paradontitis in the group of 40-49 years — 528 people (35.2%), and chronic generalized severe paradontitis in the group of 50 years and older — 615 people (40.99%). A comparative retrospective analysis of outpatient records of patients with periodontal diseases showed the low effectiveness of the methods used to treat patients, accompanied by a large number of relapses and complications, namely (by severity): transition of mild to moderate — 37.2±0.3%, moderate to severe — 28.7±0.1%, exacerbation of periodontitis — 21.9±0.1%, tooth extraction in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) of mild degree — 1.2 ± 0.1%, with moderate CP — 13.3±0.1%, with severe CP — 22.1±0.1%.

CONCLUSION: Currently, there is a high prevalence of gum recession among the population. It was revealed that the need for treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases is 93% in various age groups. Data analysis reveals a high (up to 88.6%) prevalence of periodontal diseases in patients seeking dental care. At the same time, the primary attendance of such patients by a dentist remains at an extremely low level.