考虑民族归属因素的Nenets Autonomous Area儿童饮食偏好
- 作者: Shepeleva O.A.1, Unguryanu T.N.1, Degteva G.N.1, Simonova N.N.2, Novikova I.I.3
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隶属关系:
- Northern State Medical University
- Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Novosibirsk Research Institute of Hygiene
- 期: 卷 32, 编号 6 (2025)
- 页面: 422-432
- 栏目: ORIGINAL STUDY ARTICLES
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/1728-0869/article/view/314600
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/humeco686494
- EDN: https://elibrary.ru/iyysij
- ID: 314600
如何引用文章
详细
论证。生活在北极地区严酷气候条件下的儿童是最为脆弱的年龄群体之一。在俄罗斯联邦北极地区各主体中,Nenets Autonomous Area在儿童人口所有疾病类别的初发病率方面均属高风险地区。居住在Nenets Autonomous Area的儿童饮食偏好问题值得特别关注。
目的。识别Nenets Autonomous Area儿童的饮食偏好,并结合民族归属因素。
方法。开展了一项横断面研究,调查了7–17岁、就读于Nenets Autonomous Area普通教育机构的儿童食品摄入频率及饮食偏好情况。根据民族归属将受试儿童分为两组:第1组为原住民族儿童,第2组为非原住民族儿童。对定性变量采用相对频率进行描述,组间比较使用Pearson χ2检验(列联表),并采用Fisher精确检验以明确表内差异。统计学显著性水平设为p=0.05。
结果。共809名儿童参与问卷调查,其中第1组209人,第2组600人。结果显示,儿童群体在部分食品类别的摄入频率方面存在不均衡。此外,民族归属对饮食偏好具有显著影响。第1组儿童在饮食中更频繁地加入鱼类、谷物、意大利面、豆类、腌制蔬菜、浆果制成果饮或果汁,其比例显著高于第 2 组(p <0.001)。每日食用水果的儿童比例在第2组显著高于第1组(p <0.001)。Nenets Autonomous Area 学龄儿童的日常膳食更常包括肉类、牛奶、白面包、水果、甜烘焙食品,而鱼类、发酵乳制品、黑面包、蔬菜、浆果的比例较低(p <0.05–0.01)。第1组儿童更偏好驯鹿肉、甜菜、云莓、越桔、蓝莓;第2组则更偏好牛肉、猪肉、禽肉(鸡肉)、蔓越莓。
结论。民族归属因素对饮食偏好有显著影响。Nenets Autonomous Area儿童的饮食结构不符合北极地区历来形成的极地型膳食模式。在制定膳食方案时,应更多使用当地传统原料生产的食品,并考虑不同民族群体的饮食偏好。
作者简介
Olga A. Shepeleva
Northern State Medical University
编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: shepelevaoangmu@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7973-9320
SPIN 代码: 8947-5552
MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor
俄罗斯联邦, ArkhangelskTatiana N. Unguryanu
Northern State Medical University
Email: unguryanu_tn@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8936-7324
SPIN 代码: 7358-1674
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor
俄罗斯联邦, ArkhangelskGalina N. Degteva
Northern State Medical University
Email: gala7d@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3269-2588
SPIN 代码: 3606-3363
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor
俄罗斯联邦, ArkhangelskNatalia N. Simonova
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Email: n23117@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5658-6811
SPIN 代码: 8362-1808
Dr. Sci. (Psychology), Professor
俄罗斯联邦, MoscowIrina I. Novikova
Novosibirsk Research Institute of Hygiene
Email: novikova_ii@niig.su
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1105-471X
SPIN 代码: 3773-2898
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor
俄罗斯联邦, 630108, Novosibirsk参考
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