Associations between ambient temperature and suicide: а systematic review
- Authors: Grjibovski A.М.1,2,3, Kobelev I.М.1, Kukalevskaya N.N.1, Popova Y.A.1, Baranov A.V.1,4
-
Affiliations:
- Northern State Medical University
- Northern (Arctic) Federal University
- M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University
- Pitirim Sorokin Syktyvkar State University
- Issue: Vol 30, No 6 (2023)
- Pages: 399-415
- Section: SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/1728-0869/article/view/233109
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/humeco569176
- ID: 233109
Cite item
Full Text
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Over the past 150 years, a large number of articles have been published around the world on the associations between ambient temperature and suicide. However, only in the last 30 years daily data with sufficient validity are in use, necessitating the systematization of the latest research evidence.
AIM: To conduct a systematic selection and qualitative synthesis of published information on the associations between ambient air temperature and suicide from 1990.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic review using PRISMA criteria. Studies published in peer-reviewed journals from January 1990 to April 2022 in PubMed and eLIBRARY in Russian or English, respectively, comprised the study base.
RESULTS: Of the 1932 identified articles, 32 empirical studies with the number of cases ranging from 225 to 1,067,333 from 26 countries were included in the qualitative synthesis. In addition to mean temperatures, the minimum and maximum temperatures, as well as the calculated apparent mean, minimum and maximum temperature were used. In some studies, the difference in temperature between the index and the previous day were used. By design, most studies had ecological or case-crossover design. Generalized Additive Models (GAM) were used as the main analytical tools, and in multicenter studies the results were obtained using meta-regression. The results were presented as relative risks or the percentage increase in the number of suicides with an increase in temperature by 1 °C. Virtually all studies reported a significant linear relationship between the temperature and suicide rates, but effect sizes varied between countries. The effect was more pronounced in temperate climate, in men and people over 65 years of age.
CONCLUSIONS: Most of the studied suggest a direct relationship between high air temperature and the number of suicides in different latitudes. It is necessary to monitor the situation and study the mechanisms behind the associations between high temperatures and the risk of suicide to minimize the consequences of climate change for public health.
Keywords
Full Text
##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
Andrej М. Grjibovski
Northern State Medical University; Northern (Arctic) Federal University; M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University
Author for correspondence.
Email: a.grjibovski@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5464-0498
SPIN-code: 5118-0081
MD, MPhil, PhD
Russian Federation, Arkhangelsk; Arkhangelsk; YakutskIvan М. Kobelev
Northern State Medical University
Email: ivan_kobelev_2017@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9414-4595
SPIN-code: 4111-9474
Russian Federation, Arkhangelsk
Natalia N. Kukalevskaya
Northern State Medical University
Email: n.kukalevskaya@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3371-1485
SPIN-code: 1844-4439
Russian Federation, Arkhangelsk
Yulia A. Popova
Northern State Medical University
Email: antyulia811@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1684-6636
SPIN-code: 8735-4220
Russian Federation, Arkhangelsk
Alexander V. Baranov
Northern State Medical University; Pitirim Sorokin Syktyvkar State University
Email: baranov.av1985@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3543-1738
SPIN-code: 2548-4398
MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), associate professor
Russian Federation, Arkhangelsk; SyktyvkarReferences
- Ezzati M, Lopez AD, Rodgers AA, et al. Comparative quantification of health risks: global and regional burden of disease attributable to selected major risk factors. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2004.
- Revich BA. Changing the health of the Russian population in a changing climate. Forecasting problems. 2008;(3):140–150. doi: 10.1134/S1075700708030106
- Khasnulin VI, Khasnulin AV. Psycho-emotional stress and meteoreaction as systemic manifestations of human disadaptation under climate change in the North of Russia. Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2012;19(8):3–7. doi: 10.17816/humeco17448
- Hu J, Hou Z, Xu Y, et al. Life loss of cardiovascular diseases per death attributable to ambient temperature: A national time series analysis based on 364 locations in China. The Science of the Total Environment. 2021;(756):142614. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142614
- Iranpour S, Khodakarim S, Shahsavani A, et al. Modification of the effect of ambient air temperature on cardiovascular and respiratory mortality by air pollution in Ahvaz, Iran. Epidemiol Health. 2020;(42):e2020053. doi: 10.4178/epih.e2020053
- Li J, Xu X, Yang J, et al. Ambient high temperature and mortality in Jinan, China: A study of heat thresholds and vulnerable populations. Environment Research Journal. 2017;(156):657–664. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.04.020
- Pogonysheva IA, Kuznetsova VP, Pogonyshev DA. The impact of modern climate change on public health: European studies. Culture, science, education: problems and prospects. 2021:33–38. doi: 10.36906/KSP-2020/06
- Basu R, Gavin L, Pearson D, et al. Examining the Association Between Apparent Temperature and Mental Health-Related Emergency Room Visits in California. American Journal of Epidemiology. 2018;187(4):726–735. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwx295
- Luan G, Yin P, Wang L, et al. Associations between ambient high temperatures and suicide mortality: a multi-city time-series study in China. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International. 2019;26(20):20377–20385. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-05252-5
- Thompson R, Hornigold R, Page L, et al. Associations between high ambient temperatures and heat waves with mental health outcomes: a systematic review. Public Health. 2018;(161):171–191. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2018.06.008
- Bannikov GS, Vikhristyuk OV, Miller LV, et al. Memo to psychologists of educational institutions on the identification and prevention of suicidal behavior among minors. 2012. 17 p. (In Russ).
- who.int/ru/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/suicide [Internet]. Suicide. 17.06.2021 [cited: 17.04.2022]. Available from: https://www.who.int/ru/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/suicide (In Russ).
- World Health Organization. Suicide worldwide in 2019: Global health estimates. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2021. 35 p. (In Russ).
- Bär S, Bundo M, de Schrijver E, et al. Suicides and ambient temperature in Switzerland: A nationwide time-series analysis. Swiss Medical Weekly. 2022;(152):w30115. doi: 10.4414/smw.2022.w30115
- Dumenčić B, Rajc J, Marjanović K, et al. Impact of Meteorological Factors on Suicide Attempts and Completed Suicides in Croatia, Osijek-Baranja County. Psychiatria Danubina. 2019;31(4):405–412. doi: 10.24869/psyd.2019.405
- Akkaya-Kalayci T, Vyssoki B, Winkler D, et al. The effect of seasonal changes and climatic factors on suicide attempts of young people. BMC Psychiatry. 2017;17(1):365. doi: 10.1186/s12888-017-1532-7
- Pervilhac C, Schoilew K, Znoj H, et al. Wetter und Suizid: Assoziation zwischen meteorologischen Variablen und suizidalem Verhalten – eine qualitative systematische Übersichtsarbeit [Weather and suicide: Association between meteorological variables and suicidal behavior-a systematic qualitative review article]. Der Nervenarzt. 2020;91(3):227–232. doi: 10.1007/s00115-019-00795-x
- Chau PH, Yip PSF, Lau HYE, et al. Hot Weather and Suicide Deaths among Older Adults in Hong Kong, 1976–2014: A Retrospective Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020;17(10):3449. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17103449
- Gao J, Cheng Q, Duan J, et al. Ambient temperature, sunlight duration, and suicide: A systematic review and meta-analysis. The Science of the Total Environment. 2019;(646):1021–1029. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.098
- Yoo EH, Eum Y, Roberts JE, et al. Association between extreme temperatures and emergency room visits related to mental disorders: A multi-region time-series study in New York, USA. The Science of the Total Environment. 2021;(792):148246. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148246
- Chan EYY, Lam HCY, So SHW, et al. Association between Ambient Temperatures and Mental Disorder Hospitalizations in a Subtropical City: A Time-Series Study of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2018;15(4):754. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15040754
- García FM, Boada SS, Collsamata AX, et al. Factores meteorológicos y urgencias psiquiátricas [Meteorological factors and psychiatric emergencies]. Actas Españolas de Psiquiatría. 2009;37(1):34–41.
- Zhumambaeva SM, Morenko MA, Rozenson RI, et al. Changing of the climate. Global warming. Main trends and solutions. Valeology: Health, Illness, Recovery. 2020; (2):407–411. (In Russ).
- Aguglia A, Giacomini G, Montagna E, et al. Meteorological Variables and Suicidal Behavior: Air Pollution and Apparent Temperature Are Associated With High-Lethality Suicide Attempts and Male Gender. Frontiers in Psychiatry. 2021;(12):653390. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.653390
- Padhy SK, Sarkar S, Panigrahi M, et al. Mental health effects of climate change. Indian Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 2015;19(1):3–7. doi: 10.4103/0019-5278.156997
- Cianconi P, Betrò S, Janiri L. The Impact of Climate Change on Mental Health: A Systematic Descriptive Review. Frontiers in Psychiatry. 2020;(11):74. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00074
- Li Y, Cheng Y, Cui G, et al. Association between high temperature and mortality in metropolitan areas of four cities in various climatic zones in China: a time-series study. Environmental Health. 2014;(13):65. doi: 10.1186/1476-069X-13-65
- Bushman BJ, Wang MC, Anderson CA. Is the curve relating temperature to aggression linear or curvilinear? Assaults and temperature in Minneapolis reexamined. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 2005; 89(1):62–66. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.89.1.62
- Hill SY, Jones BL, Haas GL. Suicidal ideation and aggression in childhood, genetic variation and young adult depression. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2020;(276):954–962. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.07.049
- Heo S, Lee W, Bell ML. Suicide and Associations with Air Pollution and Ambient Temperature: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021;18(14):7699. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18147699
- Cornelius SL, Berry T, Goodrich AJ, et al. The Effect of Meteorological, Pollution, and Geographic Exposures on Death by Suicide: A Scoping Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021;18(15):7809. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18157809
- Pochinkova PA, Gorbatova MA, Narkevich AN, et al. Updated brief recommendations on writing and presenting systematic reviews: what’s new in PRISMA-2020 guidelines? Marine Medicine. 2022;8(2):88–101. (In Russ.) doi: 10.22328/2413-5747-2022-8-2-88-101
- Sher L. Ambient temperature, testosterone, and suicide. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry. 2022;44(1):1–3. doi: 10.1590/1516-4446-2021-1887
- Massazza A, Ardino V, Fioravanzo RE. Climate change, trauma and mental health in Italy: a scoping review. European Journal of Psychotraumatology. 2022;13(1):1–16. doi: 10.1080/20008198.2022.2046374
- Bozsonyi K, Lester D, Fulop A, et al. The effects of sunshine duration and ambient temperature on suicides in Hungary. Neuropsychopharmacologia Hungarica. 2020;22(1):23–28.
- Gomes WR, Butler WR, Johnson AD. Effect of elevated ambient temperature on testis and blood levels and in vitro biosynthesis of testosterone in the ram. Journal of Animal Sciences. 1971;33(4):804–807. doi: 10.2527/jas1971.334804x
- Dabbs JM Jr. Age and seasonal variation in serum testosterone concentration among men. Chronobiology International. 1990;7(3):245–249. doi: 10.3109/07420529009056982
- Svartberg J, Midtby M, Bønaa KH, et al. The associations of age, lifestyle factors and chronic disease with testosterone in men: the Tromsø Study. European Journal of Endocrinology. 2003;149(2):145–152. doi: 10.1530/eje.0.1490145
- Gesquiere LR, Onyango PO, Alberts SC, et al. Endocrinology of year-round reproduction in a highly seasonal habitat: environmental variability in testosterone and glucocorticoids in baboon males. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 2011;144(2):169–176. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.21374
- Tripodianakis J, Markianos M, Rouvali O, et al. Gonadal axis hormones in psychiatric male patients after a suicide attempt. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience. 2007;257(3):135–139. doi: 10.1007/s00406-006-0686-y
- Markianos M, Tripodianakis J, Istikoglou C, et al. Suicide attempt by jumping: a study of gonadal axis hormones in male suicide attempters versus men who fell by accident. Psychiatry Research. 2009;170(1):82–85. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2008.08.001
- Kiraly DD, Sher L. Low testosterone in a young combat veteran with dual diagnosis and suicidal behavior: a case study. International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health. 2015;27(2):235–237. doi: 10.1515/ijamh-2015-5018
- Sher L, Bierer LM, Makotkine I, et al. The effect of oral dexamethasone administration on testosterone levels in combat veterans with or without a history of suicide attempt. Journal of Psychiatric Research. 2021;(143):499–503. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.11.034
- Collins KJ, Few JD, Forward TJ, et al. Stimulation of adrenal glucocorticoid secretion in man by raising the body temperature. Journal of Physiology. 1969;202(3):645–660. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1969.sp008832
- Kanikowska D, Roszak M, Rutkowski R, et al. Seasonal differences in rhythmicity of salivary cortisol in healthy adults. Journal of Applied Physiology. 2019;126(3):764–770. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00972.2018
- Kanikowska D, Sugenoya J, Sato M, et al. Seasonal variation in blood concentrations of interleukin-6, adrenocorticotrophic hormone, metabolites of catecholamine and cortisol in healthy volunteers. International Journal of Biometeorology. 2009;53(6):479–485. doi: 10.1007/s00484-009-0236-1
- Kim Y, Kim H, Gasparrini A, et al. Suicide and Ambient Temperature: A Multi-Country Multi-City Study. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2019;127(11):117007. doi: 10.1289/EHP4898
- Grjibovski AM, Kozhakhmetova G, Kosbayeva A, et al. Associations between air temperature and daily suicide counts in Astana, Kazakhstan. Medicina (Kaunas). 2013;49(8):379–385.
- Santurtún A, Almendra R, Silva GL, et al. Suicide and apparent temperature in the two capitals cities in the Iberian peninsula. Social Science and Medicine. 2020;(265):113411. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113411
- Rozanov VA, Grigoriev PE, Zakharov SE, et al. Analysis of the seasonality of completed suicides, taking into account environmental factors such as temperature and daylight hours. Suicidology. 2018;9(3):71–78. (In Russ) doi: 10.32878/suiciderus.18-09-03(32)-71-79
- Müller H, Biermann T, Renk S, et al. Higher environmental temperature and global radiation are correlated with increasing suicidality – a localized data analysis. Chronobiology International. 2011;28(10):949–957. doi: 10.3109/07420528.2011.618418
- Williams MN, Hill SR, Spicer J. Will climate change increase or decrease suicide rates? The differing effects of geographical, seasonal, and irregular variation in temperature on suicide incidence. Climatic Change. 2015;(130):519–528. doi: 10.1007/s10584-015-1371-9
- Kurokouchi M, Miyatake N, Kinoshita H, et al. Correlation between suicide and meteorological parameters. Medicina (Kaunas). 2015;51(6):363–367. doi: 10.1016/j.medici.2015.11.006
- Bando DH, Teng CT, Volpe FM, et al. Suicide and meteorological factors in São Paulo, Brazil, 1996–2011: a time series analysis. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry. 2017;39(3):220–227. doi: 10.1590/1516-4446-2016-2057
- Burke M, González F, Baylis P, et al. Higher temperatures increase suicide rates in the United States and Mexico. Nature Climate Change. 2018;8(8):723–729. doi: 10.1038/s41558-018-0222-x
- Yarza S, Vodonos A, Hassan L, et al. Suicide behavior and meteorological characteristics in hot and arid climate. Environmental Research. 2020;(184):109314. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109314
- Kim Y, Kim H, Honda Y, et al. Suicide and Ambient Temperature in East Asian Countries: A Time-Stratified Case-Crossover Analysis. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2016; 124(1):75–80. doi: 10.1289/ehp.1409392
- Kayipmaz S, San I, Usul E, et al. The effect of meteorological variables on suicide. International Journal of Biometeorology. 2020;64(9):1593–1598. doi: 10.1007/s00484-020-01940-x
- Sim K, Kim Y, Hashizume M, et al. Nonlinear temperature-suicide association in Japan from 1972 to 2015: Its heterogeneity and the role of climate, demographic, and socioeconomic factors. International Journal of Environmental. 2020;(142):105829. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105829
- Cheng S, Plouffe R, Nanos SM, et al. The effect of average temperature on suicide rates in five urban California counties, 1999–2019: an ecological time series analysis. BMC Public Health. 2021;21(1):974. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-11001-6
- Page LA, Hajat S, Kovats RS. Relationship between daily suicide counts and temperature in England and Wales. The British Journal of Psychiatry. 2007;(191):106-112. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.106.031948
- Schneider A, Hampel R, Ladwig KH, et al. Impact of meteorological parameters on suicide mortality rates: A case-crossover analysis in Southern Germany (1990–2006). The Science of the Total Environment. 2020;(707):136053. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136053
- Kim Y, Kim H, Kim DS. Association between daily environmental temperature and suicide mortality in Korea (2001–2005). Psychiatry Research. 2011;186(2–3):390–396. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2010.08.006
- Fernández-Arteaga V, Tovilla-Zárate CA, Fresán A, et al. Association between completed suicide and environmental temperature in a Mexican population, using the Knowledge Discovery in Database approach. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine. 2016;(135):219–224. doi: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2016.08.002
- Lin HC, Chen CS, Xirasagar S, et al. Seasonality and climatic associations with violent and nonviolent suicide: a population-based study. Neuropsychobiology. 2008;57(1–2):32–37. doi: 10.1159/000129664
- Fernández-Niño JA, Flórez-García VA, Astudillo-García CI, et al. Weather and Suicide: A Decade Analysis in the Five Largest Capital Cities of Colombia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2018;15(7):1313. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15071313
- Likhvar V, Honda Y, Ono M. Relation between temperature and suicide mortality in Japan in the presence of other confounding factors using time-series analysis with a semiparametric approach. Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine. 2011;16(1):36–43. doi: 10.1007/s12199-010-0163-0
- Lee HC, Lin HC, Tsai SY, et al. Suicide rates and the association with climate: a population-based study. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2006;92(2–3):221–226. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2006.01.026
- Qi X, Hu W, Mengersen K, et al. Socio-environmental drivers and suicide in Australia: Bayesian spatial analysis. BMC Public Health. 2014;(14):681. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-681
- Tsai JF, Cho W. Temperature change dominates the suicidal seasonality in Taiwan: a time-series analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2012;136(3):412–418. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2011.11.010
- Pan R, Honda Y, Minakuchi E, et al. Ambient Temperature and External Causes of Death in Japan from 1979 to 2015: A Time-Stratified Case-Crossover Analysis. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2022;130(4):47004. doi: 10.1289/EHP9943
- Deisenhammer EA, Kemmler G, Parson P. Association of meteorological factors with suicide. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. 2003;108(6):455–459. doi: 10.1046/j.0001-690x.2003.00219.x