Assessment of the chemical and radiological safety of wild mushrooms and berries growing in the Arkhangelsk region

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Abstract

AIM: To analyze the levels of contamination with heavy metals and radionuclides of wild mushrooms and berries growing in the Arkhangelsk region.

METHODS: Data on the content of heavy metals (cadmium, mercury, lead, arsenic) and radionuclides (cesium-137 and strontium-90) in berries and mushrooms were studied in accordance with the protocols of the Agrochemical Service Station «Arkhangelskaya» and the Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Arkhangelsk Region and the Nenets Autonomous Okrug during the period of 2015–2021. Total 201 samples of mushrooms and 175 samples of berries were analyzed.

RESULTS: The levels of heavy metals did not exceed the maximum permissible concentrations in 94% of the studied samples of mushrooms and 86% of the studied samples of berries. All samples of mushrooms and berries corresponded the hygienic standards for the content of radionuclides. The mean concentrations of mercury (0.013 mg/kg) and cadmium (0.040 mg/kg) in mushrooms were higher than the average concentrations of these metals in berries by 2.1 (p=0.002) and 1.8 times (p <0.001), respectively. At the level of median concentration and 90th percentile, the content of mercury in tubular mushrooms (0.036 and 0.047 mg/kg, respectively) was 3.2 times higher in comparison to plate mushrooms (p=0.003). The highest content of arsenic (0.067 and 0.24 mg/kg, respectively) and lead (0.088 and 0.15 mg/kg) were found in the berries of the large-sized shrubs at the level of average concentration and the 90th percentile compared to other shrub species, but the differences were not statistically significant.

CONCLUSION: The comparative analysis concluded that although mushrooms and berries from the Arkhangelsk region contain low concentrations of heavy metals and radionuclides, mushrooms tend to accumulate higher concentration of heavy metals and radionuclides in comparison to berries.

About the authors

Tatiana N. Unguryanu

Northern State Medical University

Email: unguryanu_tn@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8936-7324
SPIN-code: 7358-1674

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.)

Russian Federation, Arkhangelsk

Daria A. Stepovaia

Northern State Medical University

Email: stepovaia.d.a@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1512-9838
SPIN-code: 8759-1012
Russian Federation, Arkhangelsk

Ilona A. Belyaevskaya

Agency of Consumer Protection, Arkhangelsk Branch

Email: ilona.aleksandrova.1998@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1685-8170
SPIN-code: 5255-0141
Russian Federation, Arkhangelsk

Svetlana V. Gaiduk

Balashikha Central District Hospital

Email: svetikzaharova5@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1165-7967
SPIN-code: 6634-6981
Russian Federation, Balashikha

Konstantin S. Bobykin

Agency of Consumer Protection, Vologda Branch

Email: bobikin.kostik@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0875-5008
SPIN-code: 1292-5961
Russian Federation, Sokol

Nikita G. Volkov

Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Arkhangelsk Region and Nenets Autonomous Okrug

Email: candysec@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9202-7400
Russian Federation, Naryan-Mar

Diana L. Kuznetsova

Volosevich First Municipal Clinical Hospital

Email: dianka.kuznetsova.00@inbox.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4579-9357
Russian Federation, Arkhangelsk

Elena N. Kosareva

Agrochemical Service Station «Arkhangelskaya»

Email: kosareff_en@bk.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5918-2820
Russian Federation, Arkhangelsk

Anna S. Glukhanova

Agrochemical Service Station «Arkhangelskaya»

Author for correspondence.
Email: agrohim_29@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4763-2377
Russian Federation, Arkhangelsk

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Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
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2. Fig. 1. Concentrations of heavy metals in cep and milky cap growing in the Arkhangelsk region (data for 2015–2021).

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3. Fig. 2. Concentrations of heavy metals in lingonberries, cloudberries, junipers, cranberries growing in the Arkhangelsk region (data for 2015–2021).

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