Occupational stress as a risk factor and pathogenetic basis for the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases in naval specialists

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Abstract

The relevance of cardiovascular diseases among the military personnel of the Russian Navy is reflected, as well as the role of occupational stressful load in the formation of a cardiovascular pathology. A single-stage study was carried out, which included 86 men aged 23–40 years, during the study were divided into two groups corresponding to the different occupational load. The profile of behavioral factors associated with the cardiovascular risk (anthropometric indicators, adherence to smoking, amount of alcohol consumed, food preference), as well as morphological and functional indicators of the system, was studied in servicemen exposed to and not exposed to factors caused by staying in the deep-sea technical means. blood circulation. The effectiveness of stress testing was assessed, which included the Reeder self-assessment scale for psychosocial stress, the hospital scale for anxiety and depression, a work stress questionnaire, and a differential assessment of the state of a reduced performance. It was revealed that the profile of cardiovascular risk in servicemen of both groups is low, however, there is a significant difference in the number of indicators (the amount of adipose tissue detected by bioimpedansometry, total cholesterol level, an increase in heart rate during the psychomental test, values of vascular age and scale of relative cardiovascular risk. The most informative method, which made it possible to identify significant differences between the studied groups, is the questionnaire of the work stress by C. Spielberg 1989, adapted by A.B. Leonova and S.B. Velichkovskaya, 2000. It was determined that the severity of the impact of occupational stress factors in the servicemen exposed to factors caused by their stay in the deep-sea technical means is lower than in servicemen in the control group, while the associations of indicators characterizing the circulatory system with the occupational stress factors are higher in the control group, which indicates the importance of the formation of stress resistance, achieved by a high requirements of the professional selection, regular training of professional skills, as well as the creation of a favorable professional climates.

About the authors

Alexey D. Sobolev

Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

Author for correspondence.
Email: sobolevvmeda@rambler.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1908-7954
SPIN-code: 3831-6584

lecturer

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Evgeniy V. Kryukov

Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

Email: evgeniy.md@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8396-1936
SPIN-code: 3900-3441
Scopus Author ID: 57208311867
ResearcherId: AAO-9491-2020

doctor of medical sciences, professor

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Dmitry V. Cherkashin

Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

Email: cherkashin_dmitr@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1363-6860
SPIN-code: 2781-9507

doctor of medical sciences, professor

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Pavel A. Vypritsky

Branch № 4 1469th Naval Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

Email: PAV-SF-2021@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0360-6716

head of branch

Russian Federation, Zaozersk

Gennady G. Kutelev

Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

Email: gena08@yandex.ru
SPIN-code: 5139-8511

candidate of medical sciences

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Irina E. Sukhoroslova

Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

Email: suhoroslova.irina.2016@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8800-7017

head of the X-ray room

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Aleksey N. Nikashin

Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

Email: a_nikashin@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0834-6319
SPIN-code: 8970-9137

intern

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Aleksey V. Pastukhov

Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

Email: a.v.pastukhov80@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4083-5905

head of cardiology department

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Viktoria V. Khomina

North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Email: viktorian4@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8507-2649

student

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

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Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
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1. JATS XML
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2. Fig. 1. Stress factors, the severity of which is assessed with the help of JSS, used in the assessment of PSL in military personnel of both groups

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3. Fig. 2. Analysis of the PSL structure estimated by using JSS. The numbers indicate the numbers of the stress factors

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4. Fig. 3. Distribution of the information content of the main components in the 1st group of the surveyed specialists of the Navy

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5. ig. 4. Diagram of the dispersion of the surveyed military personnel according to the indicators of the identified stress factors according to the JSS, built in the coordinates of two significant main componentss

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6. Fig. 5. The most informative indicators of both groups in the coordinates of the main components

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7. Fig. 6. The structure of the correlation constellation of the surveyed servicemen of the group exposed to factors caused by the special conditions of the DSE: ДОРС ут.—is an indicator of fatigue identified by the DORS method; ФВ—is the ejection fraction; ДП — is a double product; Пит1 раб.—are the results of a questionnaire on the consumption of foods rich in fats in workers days; Пит1 отп.—results of the questionnaire on the consumption of foods rich in fat on vacation days; Пит2 раб.—results of the questionnaire on the consumption of fruits, vegetables, and grain products on working days; Пит2 отп.—results of the questionnaire on the consumption of fruits, vegetables, and grain products on vacation days; ОДА23+ —results of the ODA23 + questionnaire; IPAQ-results of the IPAQ questionnaire

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8. Fig. 7. Structure of correlation analysis between JSS and circulatory system scores: KA—atherogenic coefficient, ИММ—myocardial mass index, КДР ПЖ—end diastolic size of the right ventricle, ФВ ЛЖ—left ventricular ejection fraction, ЛПВП—high density lipoproteins

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9. Fig. 8. Structure of correlation analysis between JSS and circulatory system scores: БВ—biological age; ЛПНП—low density lipoproteins; ФВ ЛЖ—left ventricular ejection fraction; КСР ЛЖ—end systolic size of the left ventricle; СРБ—C-reactive protein; ЩФ—alkaline phosphatase; AUDIT ot.—the results of the AUDIT test on vacation days; СОЗ—the results of the questionnaire “Subjective assessment of health”; ДП исх.– double product of the original

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Copyright (c) 2021 Sobolev A.D., Kryukov E.V., Cherkashin D.V., Vypritsky P.A., Kutelev G.G., Sukhoroslova I.E., Nikashin A.N., Pastukhov A.V., Khomina V.V.

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