Pathogenetic aspects of dementia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
- 作者: Romashevsky B.V.1, Salukhov V.V.1, Maksim O.V.1, Duganova A.V.1
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隶属关系:
- Kirov Medical Military Academy
- 期: 卷 27, 编号 1 (2025)
- 页面: 105-114
- 栏目: Review
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/1682-7392/article/view/292169
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/brmma630664
- ID: 292169
如何引用文章
详细
This review presents data from current Russian and international scientific studies on the causes and pathogenetic mechanisms of dementia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Currently, T2DM is regarded as an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment and various dementia types, including vascular, mixed, and Alzheimer disease-related dementia. Dementia is a polyetiologic syndrome, and Alzheimer’s disease and cerebrovascular pathology are considered the predominant causes in the elderly. Several studies reported an association between diabetes mellitus and neurodegenerative processes in the central nervous system. Cognitive impairments caused by suboptimal neurogenesis, brain tissue insulin resistance, dysglycemia, oxidative stress, chronic systemic inflammation, β-amyloid peptide accumulation, and structural and functional changes in the cerebral vasculature are prevalent in the elderly, who are more frequently diagnosed with both dementia and T2DM. Key contributors to dementia include genetic predisposition, environmental factors, lifestyle, and diet. However, growing evidence indicates additional risk factors such as insulin resistance, hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia, amylin metabolism disorders, and gut microbiota imbalance. Brain tissue insulin resistance, often called “type 3 diabetes mellitus” and closely associated with cognitive impairment, is particularly significant. Moreover, poor glycemic control and recurrent hypoglycemic episodes play a role in cognitive deficits in patients with diabetes mellitus. Nevertheless, the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying dementia in T2DM remain unclear.
作者简介
Boris V. Romashevsky
Kirov Medical Military Academy
Email: vmeda-nio@mil.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6219-5056
SPIN 代码: 8923-8025
MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)
俄罗斯联邦, Saint PetersburgVladimir V. Salukhov
Kirov Medical Military Academy
Email: vmeda-nio@mil.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1851-0941
SPIN 代码: 4531-6011
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor
俄罗斯联邦, Saint PetersburgOksana V. Maksim
Kirov Medical Military Academy
编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: vmeda-nio@mil.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0808-3325
SPIN 代码: 3914-5051
MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)
俄罗斯联邦, Saint PetersburgAlla V. Duganova
Kirov Medical Military Academy
Email: vmeda-nio@mil.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5726-0845
SPIN 代码: 6892-8612
MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)
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