Experience of using the sensor treadmill to improve the functions of pacing, cognitive abilities and psychoemotional status in patients with ischemic stroke

BACKGROUND: Stroke in developed countries continues to be the most important medical and social problem and occupy a leading position in the structure of morbidity and mortality.

AIMS: To study the effect of the technique of robotic biomechanical rehabilitation on a sensory treadmill with built-in power platforms and biofeedback in patients with post-stroke spasticity on the main indicators of stride, cognitive function and psychoemotional status in the late recovery period.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 80 patients who underwent ischemic stroke with movement disorders in the form of hemiparesis with increased muscle tone by the type of spasticity in the upper and lower extremities in the late recovery period, who were divided into 2 groups: the control group ― 40 people, who received standard drug therapy and medical rehabilitation, including medical massage, exercise therapy and kinesitherapy, and the main group ― 40 people, who, against the background of standard drug therapy and medical rehabilitation, underwent training on a sensory treadmill with built-in power platforms and biofeedback. Objective indicators of step function, subjective indicators of cognitive impairment (Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale, MoCA) and psychoemotional defects (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, HADS) were assessed.

RESULTS: When analyzing the data after the course of treatment in the patients of the main group, the indicators of the parameters of the walking stereotype improved significantly compared to the data in the control group, the cognitive functions normalized, and the degree of psychoemotional defect decreased, which was confirmed by the MoCA and HADS scales.

CONCLUSION: The inclusion of training on a sensory treadmill with built-in power platforms and biofeedback in the standard complex of medical rehabilitation of patients who have suffered an ischemic stroke with movement disorders in the form of hemiparesis in the lower extremities in the late recovery period contributes to a significant improvement in the biomechanical indicators of stride, cognitive functions and a decrease in the degree of psychoemotional impairment.