Modern approach to pathogenetic therapy of atopic dermatitis: efficacy of filaggrinol-containing emollient plus based on filaggrin dynamics and clinical indices
- Authors: Snarskaya E.S.1, Bratkovskaya A.V.1
-
Affiliations:
- The First Sechenov Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
- Issue: Vol 28, No 3 (2025)
- Pages: 317-330
- Section: DERMATOLOGY
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/1560-9588/article/view/313079
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/dv685060
- EDN: https://elibrary.ru/RBJMNM
- ID: 313079
Cite item
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Atopic dermatitis is a multifactorial, genetically determined inflammatory skin disease. Mutations in the filaggrin (FLG) gene, which encodes a key protein of the epidermal barrier, represent the most significant genetic risk factor for the development of atopic dermatitis. Filaggrin deficiency impairs skin barrier function, increases transepidermal water loss, and facilitates allergen penetration. Contemporary research focuses on strategies to restore filaggrin levels. Emollient plus formulations represent a promising pathogenetic approach for restoring epidermal barrier integrity.
AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of a filaggrinol-containing emollient plus in increasing filaggrin levels and improving clinical outcomes in patients with atopic dermatitis.
METHODS: Sixty patients with atopic dermatitis were enrolled and divided into a study group (n = 45), who used a filaggrinol-containing emollient plus, and a control group (n = 15), who received standard moisturizing therapy. The study assessed changes in clinical indices (vIGA-AD, EASI, POEM, ELMAN, DLQI, and SKINDEX) and filaggrin expression in the skin before and after treatment.
RESULTS: The study group demonstrated a statistically significant increase in filaggrin levels (p = 0.024) along with significant improvements across all clinical and quality-of-life indices (p < 0.05). Although positive trends were observed in the control group, several scales did not show statistically significant improvement. The absolute intergroup differences in post-treatment filaggrin levels were not statistically significant, yet the intragroup dynamics in the study group support the pathogenetic efficacy of filaggrinol-containing emollient plus in restoring filaggrin.
CONCLUSION: Filaggrinol-containing emollient plus increases filaggrin levels and significantly improves clinical symptoms and quality of life in patients with atopic dermatitis. These findings support its use as a pathogenetically justified, effective, safe, and well-tolerated agent for baseline therapy of atopic dermatitis.
Full Text
##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
Elena S. Snarskaya
The First Sechenov Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
Email: snarskaya-doc@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7968-7663
SPIN-code: 3785-7859
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor
Russian Federation, MoscowAnna V. Bratkovskaya
The First Sechenov Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
Author for correspondence.
Email: annabratk24@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7284-9113
SPIN-code: 6012-7555
Russian Federation, Moscow
References
- Weidinger S, Novak N. Atopic dermatitis. Lancet. 2016;387(10023):1109–1122. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00149-X
- Wollenberg A, Barbarot S, Bieber T, et al. Consensus-based European guidelines for treatment of atopic eczema (atopic dermatitis) in adults and children: Part I. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2018;32(5):657–682. doi: 10.1111/jdv.14891
- GBD 2021 Asthma and Allergic Diseases Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of asthma and atopic dermatitis, 1990-2021, and projections to 2050: A systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet Respir Med. 2025;13(5):425–446. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(25)00003-7
- Fasseeh AN, Elezbawy B, Korra N, et al. Burden of atopic dermatitis in adults and adolescents: A systematic literature review. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2022;12(12):2653–2668. doi: 10.1007/s13555-022-00819-6
- AAAAI/ACAAI JTF Atopic Dermatitis Guideline Panel, Chu DK, Schneider L, Asiniwasis RN, et al. Atopic dermatitis (eczema) guidelines: 2023 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology / American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology Joint Task Force on Practice Parameters GRADE- and Institute of Medicine-based recommendations. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2024;132(3):274–312. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2023.11.009
- Moosbrugger-Martinz V, Leprince C, Méchin MC, et al. Revisiting the roles of filaggrin in atopic dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(10):5318. doi: 10.3390/ijms23105318
- McLean WH. Filaggrin failure: From ichthyosis vulgaris to atopic eczema and beyond. Br J Dermatol. 2016;175(Suppl 2):4–7. doi: 10.1111/bjd.14997
- Thyssen JP, Kezic S. Causes of epidermal filaggrin reduction and their role in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014;134(4):792–799. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.06.014
- Drislane C, Irvine AD. The role of filaggrin in atopic dermatitis and allergic disease. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2020;124(1):36–43. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2019.10.008
- Cabanillas B, Novak N. Atopic dermatitis and filaggrin. Curr Opin Immunol. 2016;42:1–8. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2016.05.002
- Stefanovic N, Irvine AD. Filaggrin and beyond: New insights into the skin barrier in atopic dermatitis and allergic diseases, from genetics to therapeutic perspectives. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2024;132(2):187–195. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2023.09.009
- Yosipovitch G, Misery L, Proksch E, et al. Skin barrier damage and itch: Review of mechanisms, topical management and future directions. Acta Derm Venereol. 2019;99(13):1201–1209. doi: 10.2340/00015555-3296
- Dębińska A. New treatments for atopic dermatitis targeting skin barrier repair via the regulation of FLG expression. J Clin Med. 2021;10(11):2506. doi: 10.3390/jcm10112506
- Stout TE, McFarland T, Mitchell JC, et al. Recombinant filaggrin is internalized and processed to correct filaggrin deficiency. J Invest Dermatol. 2014;134(2):423–429. doi: 10.1038/jid.2013.284
- Irvine AD. Crossing barriers; restoring barriers? Filaggrin protein replacement takes a bow. J Invest Dermatol. 2014;134(2):313–314. doi: 10.1038/jid.2013.506
- Wollenberg A, Kinberger M, Arents B, et al. European guideline (EuroGuiDerm) on atopic eczema. Part II: Non-systemic treatments and treatment recommendations for special AE patient populations. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2022;36(11):1904–1926. doi: 10.1111/jdv.18429
- Wollenberg A, Barbarot S, Torrelo A. Basic emollients for xerosis cutis in atopic dermatitis: A review of clinical studies. Int J Dermatol. 2025;64 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):13–28. doi: 10.1111/ijd.17793
- Prakoeswa CR, Huda BK, Indrawati D, et al. Effectiveness and tolerability of an emollient “plus” compared to urea 10% in patients with mild-to-moderate atopic dermatitis. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2025;24(2):e70051. doi: 10.1111/jocd.70051
- Cestari S, Correia P, Kerob D. Emollients “plus” are beneficial in both the short and long term in mild atopic dermatitis. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2023;16:2093–2102. doi: 10.2147/CCID.S417622
- Snarskaya ES, Bratkovskaya AV. Novel filagrinol-containing emollient. Vestnik dermatologii i venerologii. 2022;98(5):65–89. doi: 10.25208/vdv1342 EDN: GBGMIW
- Ignatovsky AV, Kruglova LS, Lvov A, et al. The use of emollients containing filaggrin synthesis modulators in the management of patients with atopic dermatitis and xerosis. Moscow: Central state medical academy of department of presidential affairs; 2022. 58 p. (In Russ.)
Supplementary files
