Vol 218, No 2 (2016)
- Year: 2016
- Articles: 12
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/1072-3374/issue/view/14771
Article
On the Convergence Rate for Queueing and Reliability Models Described by Regenerative Processes*
Abstract
Convergence rates in total variation are established for some models of queueing theory and reliability theory. The analysis is based on renewal technique and asymptotic results for the renewal function. It is shown that convergence rate has an exponential asymptotics when the distribution function of the regeneration period satisfies Cramér’s condition. Results concerning polynomial convergence are also obtained.
Fundamental Solution of the Fractional Diffusion Equation with a Singular Drift*
Abstract
We prove pointwise upper estimates of a fundamental solution of a linear evolution equation with fractional Laplacian and with a singular drift term. Such a result has already been obtained in [Maekawa and Miura, Journal of Functional Analysis 264 (2013) 2245–2268] by generalizing the classical ideas of Carlen, Kusuoka, and Stroock. Here, we propose a different and direct method to show such type of estimates, which appears also to be more elementary.
Properties of Decision Functions Defined by Bans*
Abstract
Random sequences over a fixed finite alphabet are considered. It is assumed that the sequence is generated by one of m probability distributions on the space of infinite sequences. For a probability measure on the space of infinite sequences a set of projections on a finite number of initial coordinates is considered. The ban of a measure in any projection is defined as a vector having zero probability in this projection.
The problem consists in the search for conditions under which the observations of random sequences on a segment of finite length allow to correctly define the true distribution with probability 1. In the paper, necessary and sufficient conditions are found under which there exists statistical decision determined by bans possessing specified properties. The existence of statistical decisions with specified properties makes them promising for applications in monitoring systems.
Discrete Stable and Casual Stable Random Variables*
Abstract
In this paper we introduce some new classes of discrete stable random variables that are useful for understanding a new general notion of stability of random variables called casual stability. Some examples of casual and discrete stable random variables are given. We also propose a class of discrete stable random variables for describing the of rating of a scientific work.
Dilemmas of Robust Analysis of Economic Data Streams*
Abstract
Data streams (streaming data) consist of continuously observed, non-equally spaced and temporally evolving multidimensional data sequences that challenge our computational and/or inferential capabilities. In economics, data streams are among others related to electricity consumption monitoring, Internet user behavior in exploring, or order book forecasting in high-frequency financial markets. In this paper, we point out and discuss several open problems related to robust data stream analysis and propose three robust and conceptually very simple approaches in this context. We apply the proposals to real data sets related to the activity of investors in the futures contracts market.
A Note on Functional Limit Theorems for Compound Cox Processes*
Abstract
An improved and corrected version of the functional limit theorem is proved establishing weak convergence of random walks generated by compound doubly stochastic Poisson processes (compound Cox processes) to Lévy processes in the Skorokhod space under more realistic moment conditions. As corollaries, theorems are proved on convergence of random walks with jumps having finite variances to Lévy processes with variance-mean mixed normal distributions, in particular, to stable Lévy processes, generalized hyperbolic and generalized variance-gamma Lévy processes.
Problems in Calculating Moments and Distribution Functions of Ladder Heights
Abstract
The problem of approximate calculation of distribution functions of ladder heights is considered in the context of the finite number of its known moments. This problem is solved by means of the Chebyshev continued fractions method. The midpoint is finding the terms of fraction of the nth convergents of continued fractions. The moments are calculated by S. Nagaev’s formulas, including solution of the Frobenius equation and applying the Fa di Bruno formulas for higher derivatives. The problem of high precision calculations is studied.
On a Spectral Analysis and Modeling of Non-Gaussian Processes in the Structural Plasma Turbulence*
Abstract
The paper presents an empirical approach to the analysis of broadband Fourier-spectra of the low-frequency structural plasma turbulence based on a priori assumptions concerning the number of processes and the Gaussian form of the spectral components. This type of turbulence in toroidal plasma devices is described by the mathematical model of non-stationary continuous-time random walk, namely compound doubly stochastic Poisson process or compound Cox process. Measurements of low-frequency (in ranges of frequencies to 5 MHz) long-wave (3..6 cm) fluctuations spectra were obtained at the plasma edge in the L-2M stellarator by the technique of Doppler reflectometry. Under some experimental conditions, the efficiency of the methodology was demonstrated. The spectra were successfully decomposed into a few components. There are more than two harmonics in broadband Fourier-spectra besides a harmonic connected with poloidal rotation of the plasma. Those additional harmonics correspond to fluctuations rotating in the directions of electron and ion drift in toroidal plasma devices. In all modes it was possible to reveal the components corresponding to the poloidal rotation of the plasma (which could be defined by a radial electric field) and phase velocity of the two types of structural turbulence (which could be defined by electron gradient and ion gradient instabilities). The suggested description of probabilistic and spectral characteristics of low-frequency plasma turbulence allow us to formulate the correct problem of characterization of structural turbulence by a system of stochastic differential equations. The equations of the system should involve stochastic processes with densities in the form of mixtures of probability distributions. Such a comprehensive approach assumes a correct comparison of different structural turbulence models (caused by drift dissipative, ion-sound, gradient instabilities, etc.) with characteristics of the obtained stochastic processes.
The Spectral Method and the Central Limit Theorem for General Markov Chains*
Abstract
Markov chains with an arbitrary phase space are considered, which, in general, do not satisfy the uniform ergodicity condition. A modification of the spectral method is devised that allows one to obtain limit theorems for such chains. The proof of the central limit theorem is given, the Athreya– Ney–Nummelin condition not being satisfied.