Vol 61, No 12 (2018)

Samples of coal and sorbents derived from coal are investigated by Raman spectroscopy. The results show that a three-dimensionally ordered carbon structure is obtained after carbonization of the initial coal. The sorbents are morphologically similar, regardless of the method of synthesis employed. The degree of graphitization is 12.9 ± 2%.

On the basis of experimental and operational data, the basic parameters and Danilin criterion d of systems for the dry quenching of coke are established, and a method is developed for calculating their basic technological and operational characteristics, including the diameter of the quenching chamber, the dust content of the circulating gases beyond the quenching chamber, and the composition and characteristics of the dust-trapping and energy equipment. A classification is proposed for existing and prospective components of the dry-quenching system on the basis of the Danilin system. This system employs the Danilin diagram, which permits the development of dry-quenching systems with low dust content of the circulating gases beyond the quenching chamber. That opens a new level of design, permitting the creation of economical and reliable dry-quenching systems, without the need for a dust-collection bunker ahead of the waste-heat boilers (Danilin dry-quenching system of class C) and without the need for that bunker or dust-trapping cyclones ahead of the blast fan (Danilin dry-quenching system of class D). That improves the economics of dry quenching.

The influence of thermal oxidation on the mesogenic properties of the atmospheric-distillation residue of shale tar was considered in a previous article [1]. It was found that thermal oxidation depresses the mesogenic properties of the (α + β) fraction but boosts the mesogenic properties of the γ fraction. In the present work, attention focuses on the change in structural and group (fractional) composition of the atmospheric-distillation residue and its individual components in the course of thermal oxidation, in terms of the impact on the mesogenic properties. Thermal oxidation decreases the hydrogen content in the atmospheric-distillation residue and increases the aromatic content of its γ fraction. For the (α + β) fraction, the increase in aromatic content is considerable only for high-temperature oxidation. In addition, decrease in the content of aliphatic hydrogen is observed primarily in α positions with respect to the aromatic rings and double bonds. For the γ fraction, the change in the proportion of aromatic hydrogen in the course of thermal oxidation is analogous to the change in mean size of the structural elements described in [1]. In this paper the next denotations are made: isooctane-soluble fraction is denoted as γ fraction, isooctane-insoluble-toluene-soluble is denoted as β fraction, toluene-insoluble-quinoline-soluble is denoted as α fraction, the fraction insoluble in quinoline, pyridine and carbon disulfide is denoted as α1 fraction.