γ-families with halos observed by X-ray emulsion chamber in EAS and the estimate of the p+He fraction in primary cosmic rays at E0 = 1–100 PeV


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Abstract

The experimental γ-families in which events called “halos” were detected using X-ray emulsion chambers (XRECs) of the PAMIR experiment are described. The halo nature is explained within the standard model of nuclear interactions. Based on events with halo, the fraction of p+He in primary cosmic rays (PCR) was estimated. It is shown that the PCR mass composition remains mixed in the range E0 = 1–100 PeV.

About the authors

R. A. Mukhamedshin

Institute for Nuclear Research

Email: sep@lebedev.ru
Russian Federation, pr. 60-letiya Octyabrya 7a, Moscow, 117315

V. S. Puchkov

Lebedev Physical Institute

Email: sep@lebedev.ru
Russian Federation, Leninskii pr. 53, Moscow, 119991

S. E. Pyatovsky

Lebedev Physical Institute

Author for correspondence.
Email: sep@lebedev.ru
Russian Federation, Leninskii pr. 53, Moscow, 119991

S. B. Shaulov

Lebedev Physical Institute

Email: sep@lebedev.ru
Russian Federation, Leninskii pr. 53, Moscow, 119991

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