Physical Operating Principles of Palladium–Barium Cathodes of Microwave Devices
- Authors: Kapustin V.I.1, Li I.P.2, Shumanov A.V.1,2, Moskalenko S.O.1,2, Bush A.A.1, Lebedinskii Y.Y.3
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Affiliations:
- Moscow Technological University MIREA
- OAO Pluton
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology
- Issue: Vol 64, No 5 (2019)
- Pages: 720-729
- Section: Physical Electronics
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/1063-7842/article/view/203466
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063784219050086
- ID: 203466
Cite item
Abstract
High-resolution X-ray diffraction method (XRD) is used to determine sizes and crystallographic orientation of the nanocrystallites of the Pd and Pd5Ba phases in palladium–barium cathode. Electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) is used to study Ba and Pd chemical states in cathode material and determine the phase composition including dissolved microimpurities in the phases. The comparison of the XRD and ESCA data makes it possible to reveal effects related to the formation of the BaO crystallites in the cathode material, which are responsible for the emission properties. Electron-energy loss spectroscopy is used to determine the concentration of oxygen vacancies in the BaO crystallites that are formed in the cathode material due to activation. An original crystallite model of the working palladium–barium cathodes that is based on the results of this work may serve as an alternative to the known film model and makes it possible to optimize technology of cathode fabrication and activation.
About the authors
V. I. Kapustin
Moscow Technological University MIREA
Author for correspondence.
Email: kapustin@mirea.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow, 119454
I. P. Li
OAO Pluton
Email: kapustin@mirea.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow, 105120
A. V. Shumanov
Moscow Technological University MIREA; OAO Pluton
Email: kapustin@mirea.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow, 119454; Moscow, 105120
S. O. Moskalenko
Moscow Technological University MIREA; OAO Pluton
Email: kapustin@mirea.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow, 119454; Moscow, 105120
A. A. Bush
Moscow Technological University MIREA
Email: kapustin@mirea.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow, 119454
Yu. Yu. Lebedinskii
Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology
Email: kapustin@mirea.ru
Russian Federation, Dolgoprudnyi, Moscow oblast, 141700