On the Dominant Role of Charm Production in the Forward Kinematic Region According to Cosmic-Ray Experiments


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Abstract

A phenomenon of abnormally weak absorption of very-high-energy cosmic-ray hadrons in lead is discussed. This phenomenon was first observed in Tien-Shan high-altitude experiments in hadronic cores of extensive air showers and has encouraged to introduce the hypothesis of a so-called long-flying or penetrating cosmic-ray component. A similar effect was detected later with deep uniform lead X-ray emulsion chambers (XREC) at the Pamirs. Experiments, which are sensitive to the production of charmed hadrons in the forward kinematic region (xLab ≳ 0.1), have been carried out at the Tien-Shan and Pamirs with exposing two-storey XRECs with large air gaps to prove explanation of the experimental results with high charm production cross section \({\sigma _{pp \to c\bar c}} \sim 8\) at xLab ≳ 0.1 at ⟨ELab⟩ ∼ 75 TeV. This \({\sigma _{pp \to c\bar c}}\) value makes it possible to reproduce the experimental hadron-absorption curve observed with XRECs, including curve’s bending at a depth of ∼70 c.u.

About the authors

A. S. Borisov

P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: asborisov55@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

V. G. Denisova

P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: asborisov55@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

V. I. Galkin

Institute of Nuclear Physics

Email: asborisov55@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

Z. M. Guseva

P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: asborisov55@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

E. A. Kanevskaya

P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: asborisov55@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

M. G. Kogan

P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: asborisov55@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

R. A. Mukhamedshin

Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: asborisov55@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

S. I. Nazarov

Institute of Nuclear Physics

Email: asborisov55@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

V. S. Puchkov

P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: asborisov55@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

T. Sadykov

Institute of Physics and Technology

Email: asborisov55@mail.ru
Kazakhstan, Almaty

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