


Volume 79, Nº 11-12 (2016)
- Ano: 2016
- Artigos: 13
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/1063-7788/issue/view/11998
Reviews
Beyond the Standard Model



Interaction of Plasmas, Particle Beams, and Radiation with Matter
Measurement of the top quark mass in dileptonic top quark pair decays with √s = 7 TeV ATLAS data
Resumo
The top quark mass in dileptonic top quark pair decays was measured using 4.7 fb–1 of √s = 7 TeV proton-proton (pp) collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC in 2011. The event topology is characterized by the presence of two charged leptons, at least two neutrinos and several jets, two of which originate from bottom quarks. Using the template method and the mℓb observable, defined as the average invariant mass of the two charged lepton plus b-jet pairs in each event, the top quark mass is measured to be 173.09 ± 0.64(stat) ± 1.50(syst) GeV. This proceeding is based on a preliminary result, which has been superseded meanwhile.



Study of π0/γ efficiency using B meson decays in the LHCb experiment
Resumo
The reconstruction efficiency of photons and neutral pions is measured using the relative yields of reconstructed B+ → J/ψK*+(→ K+π0) and B+ → J/ψK+ decays. The efficiency is studied using the data set, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3 fb–1, collected by the LHCb experiment in proton-proton collisions at the centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV.






The search for sterile neutrinos with SOX-Borexino
Resumo
The aim of the SOX-Borexino project is to verify or falsify the existence of eV-scale sterile neutrinos. The existence of sterile neutrinos is suspected because of several anomalies, which were observed in previous experiments. A ~3.7 PBq electron antineutrino source made of 144Ce will be installed below the Borexino detector at LNGS, Italy, to search for short-baseline oscillations of active-to-sterile neutrinos within the detector volume. Source delivery and beginning of data acquisition is planned for end of 2016, preliminary results are expected already in 2017.



Improvements in simulation of multiple scattering effects in ATLAS fast simulation
Resumo
Fast ATLAS Tracking Simulation (Fatras) package was verified on single layer geometry with respect to full simulation with GEANT4. Fatras hadronic interactions and multiple scattering simulation were studied in comparison with GEANT4. Disagreement was found in multiple scattering distributions of primary charged particles (μ, π, e). A new model for multiple scattering simulation was implemented in Fatras. The model was based on R. Frühwirth’s mixture models. New model was tested on single layer geometry and a good agreement with GEANT4 was achieved. Also a comparison of reconstructed tracks’ parameters was performed for Inner Detector geometry, and Fatras with new multiple scattering model proved to have better agreement with GEANT4. New model of multiple scattering was added as a part of Fatras package in the development release of ATLAS software—ATHENA.



Radiative decays at LHCb
Resumo
Precise measurements on rare radiative B decays are performed with the LHCb experiment at LHC. The LHCb results regarding the ratio of branching fractions for two radiative decays, B0 → K*0γ and Bs → ϕγ, the direct CP asymmetry in B0 → K*0γ decay channel and the observation of the photon polarization in the B± → K±π∓π±γ decay, are included. The first two measurements were performed in 1 fb–1 of pp collisions data and the third one in 3 fb–1 of data, respectively.



Math Modeling in Nuclear Technologies
Field-theoretical formulation of Regge–Teitelboim gravity
Resumo
Theory of gravity is considered in the Regge–Teitelboim approach in which the pseudo-Rimannian space is treated as a surface isometrically embedded in an ambient Minkowski space of higher dimension. This approach is formulated in terms of a field theory in which the original pseudo-Rimannian space is defined by the field constant-value surfaces. The symmetry properties of the proposed theory are investigated, and possible structure of the field-theoretical Lagrangian is discussed.









Wave fluctuations in the system with some Yang-Mills condensates
Resumo
Self-consistent dynamics of non-homogeneous fluctuations and homogeneous and isotropic condensate of Yang–Mills fields was investigated in zero, linear and quasilinear approximations over the wave modes in the framework of N = 4 supersymmetric model in Hamilton gauge in quasiclassical theory. The models with SU(2), SU(3) and SU(4) gauge groups were considered. Particle production effect and effect of generation of longitudinal oscillations were obtained.



Modeling of Nanostructures
Numerical simulations of graphene conductivity with realistic inter-electron potential
Resumo
This paper provides results of numerical simulations of graphene conductivity. The numerical results were performed in tight-biding model with Coulomb potential screened by σ electron of carbon atoms. The dependence of the graphene conductivity on the dielectric permittivity of substrate was calculated. The results agreeds with experimental data.



Technology of Nuclear Materials
On the role of fusion neutron source with thorium blanket in forming the nuclide composition of the nuclear fuel cycle of the Russian Federation
Resumo
The possible role of available thorium resources of the Russian Federation in utilization of thorium in the closed (U–Pu)-fuel cycle of nuclear power is considered. The efficiency of application of fusion neutron sources with thorium blanket for economical use of available thorium resources is demonstrated. The objective of this study is the search for a solution of such major tasks of nuclear power as reduction of the amount of front-end operations in the nuclear fuel cycle and enhancement of its protection against uncontrolled proliferation of fissile materials with the smallest possible alterations in the fuel cycle. The earlier results are analyzed, new information on the amount of thorium resources of the Russian Federation is used, and additional estimates are made. The following basic results obtained on the basis of the assumption of involving fusion reactors with Th-blanket in future nuclear power for generation of the light uranium fraction 232+233+234U and 231Pa are formulated. (1) The fuel cycle would shift from fissile 235U to 233U, which is more attractive for thermal power reactors. (2) The light uranium fraction is the most “protected” in the uranium fuel component, and being mixed with regenerated uranium, it would become reduced-enrichment uranium fuel, which would relieve the problem of nonproliferation of the fissile material. (3) The addition of 231Pa into the fuel would stabilize its neutron-multiplying properties, thus making it possible to implement a long fuel residence time and, as a consequence, increase the export potential of the whole nuclear power technology. (4) The available thorium resource in the vicinity of Krasnoufimsk is sufficient for operation of the large-scale nuclear power industry of the Russian Federation with an electric power of 70 GW for more than one quarter of a century. The general conclusion is that involvement of a small number of fusion reactors with Th-blanket in the future nuclear power industry of the Russian Federation would to a large extent solve its problems and increase its export potential.


