Estimation of The Cosmic Ray Mass Composition at Energy Above 1017 eV According to Scintillation Detectors of the Yakutsk Array

Abstract

The lateral distribution of cascade particles was studied in extensive air showers initiated by cosmic rays with energies above 10¹⁷ eV. The study is based on experimental data of ground-based and ground-shielded (with ∼1-GeV energy threshold) scintillation detectors of the Yakutsk EAS array collected during the continuous observational period from 1977 to 2017. Particle density measured in experiment is compared to the results of simulations performed with the use of several ultra-high energy hadron interaction models. The best agreement between theory and experiment was obtained for qgsjet01 and qgsjet ii-04 models. Interpretation of our data has indicated that within the energy range (1–30) × 10¹⁷ eV the cosmic ray mass composition changes from nuclei of intermediate group towards protons.