Control of the clustering process in molecular beams using IR lasers

Abstract

The control of clustering in molecular beams with the help of IR lasers is experimentally studied. Studies were performed with a molecular CF₃I gas diluted with argon or xenon using a cw CO₂ laser. The control of clustering is based on the resonance vibrational excitation of molecules or clusters by the IR laser radiation near the nozzle exit. Depending on the distance from the excitation region to the nozzle cut, the irradiation of the molecular beam either suppresses the clustering of resonantly excited molecules (when the beam is irradiated near the nozzle exit where clustering occurs) or causes the dissociation of small clusters (when the beam is irradiated away from the nozzle where clustering is at the growth stage). The suppression of molecular clustering and the dissociation of clusters in beams were studied by measuring and analyzing the integrated intensities of ion peaks of cluster fragments with a time-of-flight spectrometer. The efficiencies of clustering suppression and cluster dissociation were studied as functions of exciting laser radiation parameters, the beam irradiation geometry, gas parameters over the nozzle, and the nozzle construction. It is shown that the efficiencies of clustering suppression and cluster dissociation strongly depend on the exciting laser radiation intensity, the nozzle construction, and the distance from the irradiation region to the nozzle cut. Parameters providing the most efficient control of clustering suppression and cluster dissociation are found.