Deformation of an Underlying Surface by Horseshoe-Shaped Vortices in a Water Flow

Abstract

The conditions for the formation and destruction of an annular vortex are obtained along with the parameters of horseshoe-shaped vortices during their deformation in a flow with a shift in velocity. The results are presented from an experimental study of the interaction between horseshoe-shaped vortices and an eroding underlying surface. The vortex traps sand through the ends of supports. An annular vortex carries the sand after the supports are destroyed. The trapped sand precipitates as an annular vortex breaks down, forming a mound on the bottom.