Dynamics of changes in the number of SARS-CoV-2 seropositive patients over two years of the COVID-19 pandemic
- Authors: Kritsky I.S.1, Zurochka V.A.1,2, Hu D.3, Sarapultsev A.P.1,2
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Affiliations:
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences
- South Ural State University (National Research University)
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Issue: Vol 25, No 2 (2022)
- Pages: 219-226
- Section: SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/1028-7221/article/view/120204
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.46235/1028-7221-1153-DOC
- ID: 120204
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Abstract
Serological assays, being rapid and relatively inexpensive methods for detecting COVID-19, may play an important role in combating the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The aim of the present study was to assess dynamics of changes in the number of seropositive patients for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies over 2.5 years of the evolving COVID-19 pandemic. The study included 6051 persons (2840 women and 3211 males). Their mean age was 41.68±0.17 years (M±SEM). At the time of this survey, all participants were residents of the Chelyabinsk region. General information was collected over the period from 06/01/2020 to 01/18/2022. Seropositivity for SARS-C0V-2 was assessed by test kits for IgG, IgM and IgA antibodies (JSC Vector-Best, Novosibirsk, Russia) against SARS-CoV-2 using “indirect” two-stage enzyme immunoassay (ELISA). Over the entire period, 27 cases were seronegative (20.45%); 99 samples were positive for IgA to SARS-CoV-2 (75%), and 6 samples (4.55%) yielded questionable ELISA results. IgG testing for SARS-Cov-2 antibodies was negative in 2433 cases (42.35%); 3245 samples (56.48%) were positive, and 67 specimens provided (1.17%) doubtful results using ELISA tests. IgM antibodies were not revealed in 2710 (70.41%) cases; 996 were positive (25.88%), and 143 specimens (3.72%) yielded doubtful results by ELISA technique. In general, the highest proportion of positive results was found in class A immunoglobulins. The wave-like distribution of the density among all antibody-positive patients was revealed, which, however, was not associated with peak values of COVID-19 morbidity in Chelyabinsk Region. Most waves of seroprevalence were detected before the waves of SARS-CoV-2 infection. A positive relationship was established between IgG and IgM seropositivity against SARS-CoV-2 with age and female gender. Conclusion. In general, serological testing and regular monitoring of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 may play an important role in assessing its prevalence during the coronavirus pandemic and immune response to the infection at a population level.
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##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
Igor S. Kritsky
Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences
Author for correspondence.
Email: igor81218@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9402-051X
Postgraduate Student
Russian Federation, 106, Pervomayskaya str., Yekaterinburg, 620049Vladimir A. Zurochka
Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences; South Ural State University (National Research University)
Email: v_zurochka@mail.ru
PhD, MD (Medicine), Senior Research Associate, Laboratory of Inflammation Immunology, Senior Research Associate, Laboratory of Immune Biotechnology, Russian-Chinese Educational Center
Russian Federation, 106, Pervomayskaya str., Yekaterinburg, 620049; ChelyabinskDesheng Hu
Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Email: desheng.hu@hust.edu.cn
Professor, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College
Taiwan, Province of China, WuhanAleksey P. Sarapultsev
Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences; South Ural State University (National Research University)
Email: asarapultsev@gmail.com
PhD, MD (Biology), Leading Research Associate, Laboratory of Immunopathophysiology, Director, Russian-Chinese Center for Systemic Pathology
Russian Federation, 106, Pervomayskaya str., Yekaterinburg, 620049; ChelyabinskReferences
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