Geochemical features and fluid conditions of the formation of late quaternary geyserites in the Olkhon area and on Olkhon Island (Baikal rift zone)

Abstract

In terms of chemical composition, the Late Quaternary geyserites of the Olkhon area and Olkhon Island are subdivided into the ferrosiliceous and carbonate–siliceous groups and are commonly characterized by low concentrations of rare elements. In several cases, the geyserites are enriched in Fe, Mn, Cr, Sb, As, and Y. Regardless of the chemical composition of geyserite, the key components of the gas phase are H₂O, CO₂, and CH₄. The parent matter for the geyserites was constituted by aqueous solutions (fluids) of 400°C and higher temperatures, silica-saturated, and enriched in carbon dioxide and hydrocarbons, as well as in some ore components.