Spatial and seasonal variability of chlorophyll A concentration in the Barents Sea

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Variations of the surface chlorophyll a concentration (Chl-a) measured during 25 cruises conducted from 1984 to 2020 were investigated in the Barents Sea and adjacent Svalbard waters. Seasonal maps of the mean annual Chl-a estimations were created for the Barents Sea. Significant seasonal and temporal variations of Chl-a were found in different water masses. Surface Chl-a content reached a maximum in the spring (46% of the annual estimation). In the summer, it tended to decrease accounting for 28% of the total annual value while in the autumn and winter Chl-a was found to be 21% and 5% of the total annual stock, respectively. Atlantic Water and Arctic Water had the highest contribution to the total annual Chl-a biomass. In Arctic Water, peaks of Chl-a concentrations were registered in spring and these decreased in summer and autumn. Summer season was the most productive period in Atlantic Water. Chl-a dynamics and distribution in relation to climatic factors were investigated. Application of generalized linear and non-linear models to predict Chl-a variations showed high significance of the indices associated with global atmospheric circulation, mean annual temperature and salinity anomalies as well as ice extent in the Barents Sea.

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V. Vodopyanova

Murmansk Marine Biological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences

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Email: vodopyanova@mmbi.info
俄罗斯联邦, Murmansk

V. Dvoretsky

Murmansk Marine Biological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: vodopyanova@mmbi.info
俄罗斯联邦, Murmansk

A. Bulavina

Murmansk Marine Biological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: vodopyanova@mmbi.info
俄罗斯联邦, Murmansk

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2. Fig. 1. Sampling stations for chlorophyll a analysis in the Barents Sea in 1984–2020, average long-term position of frontal zones and water masses of the Barents Sea (Matishov et al., 2012).

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3. Fig. 2. Seasonal distribution of average chlorophyll a concentrations (mg/m3) in the surface layer of the Barents Sea in 1984–2020. (a) winter: 1 – < 0.05, 2 – 0.05–0.10, 3 – 0.11–0.12, 4 – 0.13–0.15, 5 – 0.16–0.18, 6 – > 0.18. (b) spring: 1 – < 0.1, 2 – 0.1–0.5, 3 – 0.6–0.9, 4 – 1.0–1.3, 5 – 1.4–2.2, 6 – > 2.2. (c) summer: 1 – < 0.10, 2–0.10–0.25, 3–0.26–0.39, 4–0.40–0.54, 5–0.55–0.80, 6 – > 0.80. (d) autumn: 1 – < 0.08, 2–0.09–0.23, 3–0.24–0.32, 4–0.33–0.50, 5–0.51–0.75, 6 – > 0.75.

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4. Fig. 3. Anomalies of chlorophyll a concentration in the surface layer of the Barents Sea: (a) summer; (b) autumn. Water masses: ArV – Arctic, AB – Atlantic, BS – Barents Sea, MPV – Murmansk coastal, NZVP – Novaya Zemlya coastal, PPV – Pechora coastal, SHPV – Spitsbergen coastal, BSV – White Sea coastal.

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5. Fig. 4. Relative content of chlorophyll a in the surface layer of the Barents Sea WM, %. Water masses: ArV – Arctic, AB – Atlantic, BS – Barents Sea, MPV – Murmansk coastal, NZVP – Novaya Zemlya coastal, PPV – Pechora coastal, SHPV – Spitsbergen coastal, BSV – White Sea coastal.

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