Application of anodized edge-plane pyrolytic graphite electrode for analysis of clindamycin in pharmaceutical formulations and human urine samples


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Different graphitic carbon-based electrode materials were evaluated for direct electro-oxidation of clindamycin and electroanalytical parameters such as sensitivity, residual background current, and signal-tobackground current ratio were compared to select the best one for the clindamycin electroanalysis. Such electrode materials include glassy carbon, carbon paste, pyrolytic graphite (edge-plane and basal-plane), carbon nanotube, reduced graphene oxide, and carbon black. The edge-plane pyrolytic graphite electrode after a simple and fast electrochemical pretreatment showed superior performance compared with the other carbon electrodes. Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were employed to analyze the surface microstructure and chemical bonding of the carbon materials and scanning electron microscopy was used to study their surface morphologic features. The applicability of the electrochemically activated edge-plane pyrolytic graphite electrode for the determination of clindamycin in pharmaceutical formulations and human urine samples was evaluated.

作者简介

Mojtaba Hadi

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: m.hadi@qom.ac.ir
伊朗伊斯兰共和国, Qom

Ebrahim Honarmand

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences

Email: m.hadi@qom.ac.ir
伊朗伊斯兰共和国, Qom

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