Identification of Genetic Variation of Mongolian Wheat Using Allele-Specific DNA Markers Related to Wheat Quality

Abstract

The objective of this study was to identify genetic variations of glutenins, granule-bound starch synthase I (GBSS I), puroindolines, and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) among 33 Mongolian wheat lines for Mongolian wheat breeding program. Mongolian wheat lines mainly carried Glu-A1b (54.5%), Glu-B1c (87.9%), and Glu-D1d (72.2%) among high molecular weight-glutenin subunits and Glu-A3b (42.4%) and Glu-B3g (60.6%) among low molecular weight-glutenin subunits. Based on allelic compositions of puroindolines, soft wheat accounted for 51.5% (17 wheat lines) while hard wheat accounted for 48.5% (16 wheat lines) among these Mongolian wheat lines. Most Mongolian wheats were wild-type (87.9%) in GBSS I allele composition while four cultivars (Darkhan-196, Darkhan-201, Darkhan-203, and Tsogt) carried Wx-B1b allele. Ppo-A1a, Ppo-B1b, and Ppo-D1a were predominantly found at PPO loci. Their frequencies were 66.7, 100 and 57.6%, respectively.