Regulating the Formation of Al2O3–CaO–MgO Inclusions in Pipe-Steel Production

Abstract

Research on Al₂O₃–CaO–MgO inclusions in steel produced on current systems is reviewed. Analysis of the data shows that magnesium-bearing inclusions of both exogenous and endogenous type are present. Consequently, conglomerates of nonuniform composition are formed. The presence of magnesium in nonmetallic oxide inclusions may largely be attributed to ladle treatment with deep reduction of the metal and slag in chambers with a magnesia lining. Erosion of the refractory lining of steel-smelting and steel-casting equipment must be regarded as a significant factor in the formation of magnesium-bearing inclusions.