Comparative study of the apparatus of the cruciate ligaments of the knee joint. I. Tetrapods with lateral limbs

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Abstract

The principal function of the menisci is probably connected with the sliding movements during the rotation of the tibia along the long axis. In tetrapods the central position of the cruciate ligament apparatus should be probably primitive while the medial position of this apparatus is derived. In the line of frog-turtle-lizard-human the histological structure of the cruciate ligament shows a tendency to increase the mechanical durability based on the organization of fibers. Tetrapods with lateral limbs have no neural tissue within the cruciate ligaments unlike the human ones.

About the authors

V. B. Nikitin

Institute of Human Morphology

Author for correspondence.
Email: info@eco-vector.com
Russian Federation

S. P. Mironov

Medical Center of the Administration of the President of the Russian Federation

Email: info@eco-vector.com
Russian Federation

M. P. Lisitsyn

Central Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics. N.N. Priorova

Email: info@eco-vector.com
Russian Federation, Moscow

A. N. Makarov

Institute of Human Morphology

Email: info@eco-vector.com
Russian Federation

V. I. Gulimova

Institute of Human Morphology

Email: info@eco-vector.com
Russian Federation

S. V. Saveliev

Institute of Human Morphology

Email: info@eco-vector.com
Russian Federation

References

Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
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1. JATS XML
2. Rice. 1. The structure of the knee joint in tetrapods with lateral limbs. a-e - Gekko gecko: a - cruciate ligaments (femur and lower leg bones in a normal position), rear view; b — cruciate ligaments (the femur is turned clockwise for better demonstration of the area of ​​attachment of the ligaments), lateral and anterior view; c — meniscus, lateral and anterior view; d, e — Chrysemys scripta: d — cruciate ligament of the knee joint, medial view; e - meniscus, front view; e - Rana catesbeiana: cruciate ligament and meniscus, rear view. acl - anterior cruciate ligament; alci - wing covering the intercondylar cavity; cavm - medial cavity; cic - intercondylar cavity; cl - lateral condyle; c - cruciate ligament; cP, lateral collateral ligament; elm, medial collateral ligament; st - medial condyle; sott - cartilaginous jumper; d - disk; dfil, discofibular ligament; dfl, discofemoral ligament; f - femur; fi - fibula; 1a - anterior lunula of the lateral meniscus; mf, femorofibial meniscus; mfl, meniscofemoral ligament; ml, lateral meniscus; tt - medial meniscus; mtl, menisco-tibial ligament; pci - posterior cruciate ligament; td - tubercle for articulation with the disk; ti - tibia; ti + fi - compound tibia.

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3. Rice. 2. Histology of the cruciate ligaments of the knee joint (Mallory's stain).a - Rana catesbeiana (lev. 40); b - Chrysemys scripta (magn. 40); c — Gekko gecko (magn. 40); (d) Homo sapiens (magn. 20).

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